日本对外高等教育援助的四种模式

Four Models of Japan's Foreign Higher Education Assistance

日本对外高等教育援助主体多元、类型多样。依据交换形态和援助动机两个维度可以将日本对外高等教育援助模式分为四种类型:战略对接型援助模式,以国际理解为理念,利用战略对接的形式满足受援国的利益诉求;资源共享型援助模式,以共同利益为理念,通过与东盟、非盟等区域联盟合作,促进师生国际流动,实现高等教育资源共享;基建供给型援助模式,以自力更生为理念,致力于改善南亚、东南亚国家的基础设施,提升科研环境;委托代理型援助模式,以教育开发为理念,向第三方组织提供基金或奖学金,为受援国的学生提供留学机会。每一种模式有各自的理念、动机、目标和行动,在不同的时空背景下产生了不同的援助效果。

The main body of Japan's foreign higher education assistance is multiple and diverse.The four main models of Japan's foreign higher education assistance are strategic docking assistance,resource sharing assistance,infrastructure supply assistance and principal-agent assistance.The strategic docking assistance model is based on international understanding and satisfies the interests of recipient countries by means of strategic docking.The resource sharing assistance model is based on the concept of common interests,through cooperation with regional alliances such as ASEAN and the African Union,promote the international flow of teachers and students,and realize the sharing of higher education resources.Based on the concept of self-reliance,the infrastructure supply assistance model is committed to improving the infrastructure and improving the scientific research environment in South and Southeast Asian countries.The principal-agent assistance model is based on the concept of educational development and provides funds or scholarships to third-party organizations to provide overseas study opportunities for students in recipient countries.Each model has its own ideas,motives,goals and actions,and produces different assistance effects in different time and space backgrounds.