营商环境对老字号振兴的组态影响研究——基于清晰集定性比较分析

The Study of Environment Configurations Influence on Time-Honored Brand Revitalization:Based on Crisp-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

按照“遵循主流指标、尊重行业特色”原则,以政策资源、文旅支持、社会组织、新媒体、技术知识、人才资源、人口分布和经济指标为维度,利用清晰集定性比较分析方法,构建和比较老字号振兴的营商环境组态。研究发现:单个营商环境要素并非构成引致老字号振兴的必要条件;四种营商环境组态引致老字号振兴工程第一阶段经济效益层面的振兴,包括以人为核心的科技创新型、科技助力下的文旅驱动型、政策资源主导下的技术驱动和人口分布型、科技创新缺失下的社会组织驱动型四种组态;在老字号振兴工程完整阶段,引致经济效益层面振兴的营商环境组态包括政府主导逻辑、市场主导逻辑两种形式,引致品牌影响力层面振兴的营商环境组态包括市场经济主导下文旅支持和技术知识联合驱动型、人口分布主导下新媒体驱动型两种形式。另外,两阶段差异和振兴效果差异的进一步比较与分析表明,省域老字号营商环境组态与制度机会窗口的匹配程度在各阶段均显著影响经济效益层面振兴的效果;老字号营商环境组态实现从以外生性助力为主导向外生性助力与内生性成长动力协同作用发展的重要逻辑变迁;省域经济发展水平在完整振兴阶段中成为契合老字号外生性助力与内生性成长动力的重点;技术知识在品牌影响力层面振兴中的作用突出。

By the principle of“following the mainstream indicators and respecting the characteristics of the industry”,the study constructs and compares the business environment groupings for the revitalization of time-honored firms by using the crisp-set of qualitative comparative analysis methods with the dimensions of policy resources,cultural and tourism support,social organizations,new media,technical knowledge,human resources,population distribution and economic indicators.The study finds that,firstly,individual business environment element does not constitute the necessary conditions leading to the revitalization of time-honored firms.Secondly,four business environment groupings lead to the revitalization of time-honored firms at the level of economic benefit in the first stage,including types of human-centered technological innovation,technology-driven culture and tourism with the help of science and technology,technology-driven and population distributiondominated bypolicy resources,and social organization-driven in the absence of scientific and technological innovation.Thirdly,in the whole stage of the revitalization project of time-honored firms,there are two forms of business environment groupings for revitalization at the level of economic benefits including types of government-led logic and market-led logic,and two forms of business environment groupings for revitalization at the level of brand influence including types of the combination of cultural tourism and technical knowledge,new media-driven dominated by population distribution.In addition,further comparison of the differences between the two phases and the differences in the level of effect shows that the degree of matching between the business environment grouping and the institutional window of opportunity of the provincial time-honored firms significantly affects the revitalization effect of the level of economic efficiency of the time-honored firms in all phases.The business environment grouping of the time-honored firms realizes an important logical change from being dominated by exogenous assistance to the development of synergy of exogenous assistance and endogenous growth dynamics.In the whole revitalization stage,the level of economic development of the provincial area becomes the focus of matching the exogenous assistance and endogenous growth momentum of time-honored brands.And the role of technical knowledge environment in the revitalization of brand influence level becomes more prominent.