时间约束对劳动供给弹性估计的影响——基于上海出租车市场单双班制度

The Impact of Time Constraints on the Estimation of Labor Supply Elasticity:Based on the Single and Double Shift System in the Shanghai Taxi Market

劳动供给弹性对于经济学理论和公共政策有重要意义,而研究中微观估计与宏观模型校准所需数值之间往往差异较大,工作时间约束是这一矛盾的解释之一。本文以受到和不受工作时间约束的双班和单班出租车驾驶员为研究对象,构造了驾驶员劳动供给关于临时性工资变化的跨期替代模型,并利用上海出租车驾驶员的微观大数据进行验证。实证结果表明,工资的临时性增加会激励劳动时长的增加,时间约束使得劳动供给弹性偏小。本文在中国的市场环境下给出了劳动供给弹性的估计和跨期替代证据,验证了时间约束对劳动供给弹性估计的影响,并从样本的独特性上对相关研究进行了拓展。

The labor supply elasticity holds significant value for both economic theories and public policies.However,existing research often reveals a considerable discrepancy between the micro estimates and the numerical needs for macro model calibration.One interpretation of this contradiction lies in the constraints on working hours.This paper focuses on the double shift and single shift taxi drivers,who are subjected to,or free from,the constraints of working hours.The paper constructs an intertemporal substitution model of taxi drivers'labor supply in response to temporary wage changes and uses the microdata of taxi drivers in Shanghai for validation.The empirical results reveal that a temporary increase in wages stimulates the extension of working hours,and time constraints result in a decrease in the elasticity of labor supply.This paper provides estimates for the labor supply elasticity and evidence of intertemporal substitution within the Chinese market context.This paper also validates the impact of time constraints on the estimation of labor supply elasticity,and extends related research from the unique characteristics of the sample.