环保型多功能织物前处理助剂的研制与应用

Development and application of environmentally friendly multifunctional pretreatment auxiliaries

针对传统棉织物前处理过程中存在使用强碱及双氧水用量大,生产周期长,效率低的问题,研制了环保型多功能前处理剂,对纯棉织物进行一浴法前处理。通过单因素试验和正交试验确定最优工艺条件为:正硅酸钠质量浓度20 g/L,H_(2)O_(2)质量浓度15 g/L,五水偏硅酸钠质量浓度12 g/L,FMES质量浓度4 g/L,浴比1∶40,前处理温度80℃,前处理时间60 min。在该工艺条件下,织物退浆率可达95.2%,毛效16.8 cm,白度85.2%,断裂强力545.2N。结果表明,经该新型助剂处理后的棉织物各项性能指标较好,煮练时间短,助剂用量少,耗能低,棉织物前处理品质得到有效改善。

Aiming at the problems of using strong alkali and hydrogen peroxide in the traditional cotton pretreatment,such as high consumption,long production cycle,and low efficiency,an environmentally friendly multifunctional pretreatment agent is developed for cotton one-bath pretreatment.Through single factor and orthogonal experiments,the optimal process conditions are determined as follows:sodium orthosilicate 20 g/L,H_(2)O_(2)15 g/L,sodium metasilicate pentahydrate 12 g/L,FMES 4 g/L,and pretreatment at 80℃for 60 min with bath ratio of 1∶40.Under this process,the desizing rate of the cotton fabric can reach 95.2%with capillary effect of 16.8 cm,whiteness of 85.2%,and breaking strength of 545.2 N.The results show that the cotton pretreatment process with this new type of auxiliary agent has good performance indicators,short scouring time,low auxiliary dosage,low energy consumption,and effectively improved quality of cotton semi-product.