我国单身女性冻卵限制的检视、症结及调整

Inspection,Crux and Adjustment of Restriction of Egg Freezing for Single Women in China

我国单身女性冻卵立法罅缺,但对行政规章禁止性条款的扩大解释限制了医疗机构冻卵服务的范围。冷冻卵子属于生命伦理物,生育权属于人格权。尊重生育主体的生育自主权和决策权是生育权保障的应有之意。作为生育权行使方式的冻卵,其目的是为了保存生育能力,不应以已婚作为前提。在玻璃化卵子融冻术成熟背景下,应赋予单身女性一定条件下的“冻卵权”,建立单身女性冻卵审核制度,扩大医疗机构冻卵服务的范围。建立人类卵子库制度,完善卵子捐赠制度。

There is a gap in the legislation of egg freezing for single women in China,but the expanded interpretation of the prohibitive provisions of administrative regulations limits the scope of egg freezing services in medical institutions.Frozen eggs are a bioethical object,and the reproductive rights belongs to the right of personality.Respecting the reproductive autonomy and decision-making power is essential for safeguarding reproductive rights.The purpose of egg freezing,as a way to exercise fertility rights,is to preserve fertility and should not be prerequisite for being married.Under the background of mature vitrification egg freezing,single women should be given the right to freeze eggs under certain conditions,and an egg freezing review system for single women should be established to expand the scope of egg freezing services provided by medical institutions.Establishing a human egg bank system and improving egg donation system are also recommended.