激光熔覆钴基合金研究进展及其在核领域的应用展望

Progress in laser cladding of cobalt⁃based alloys and prospects for their application in nuclear field

激光熔覆是一种先进的表面改性技术,具有变形量小、稀释率低、熔覆层与基材结合强度高等优点。钴基合金具有优异的耐磨损、耐腐蚀、耐高温等特性,通过激光熔覆技术制备的钴基合金熔覆层可以提高零件在特殊的服役环境(高温、高压、强辐射)下的工作性能和使用寿命。此外,激光熔覆钴基合金技术已受到国内外专家学者的高度关注,并广泛应用于核工业、轨道交通、水电等领域。本文分析了激光熔覆钴基合金技术的国内外研究现状,总结了钴基合金材料体系、工艺参数、性能研究、工业应用方面的研究成果。最后针对激光熔覆钴基合金技术在核领域的应用进行了展望。

Laser cladding is an advanced surface modification technology with the advantages of small deformation,low dilution rate and high bonding strength between cladding layer and base material.Cobalt⁃based alloys have excellent wear resistance,corrosion resistance,high temperature resistance and other characteristics.Cobalt⁃based alloy cladding prepared by laser cladding technology can improve the working performance and service life of parts in special service environments(high temperature,high pressure,strong radiation).In addition,the laser cladding cobalt⁃based alloy technology has been highly concerned by experts and scholars at home and abroad,and widely used in nuclear industry,rail transportation,hydropower and other fields.The present paper analyzes the current research status of the laser cladding cobalt⁃based alloy technology at home and abroad,and summarizes the research results on the cobalt⁃based alloy material system,process parameters,performance research and industrial applications.Finally,an outlook for the application of laser cladding cobalt⁃based alloy technology in the nuclear field is given.