甘南牦牛(Bos grunniens)FBXO32基因突变及其与胴体和肉质性状关联分析

Variation of FBXO32 Gene and Their Association with Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in Gannan Yak(Bos grunniens)

为了分析甘南牦牛(Bos grunniens)肌肉萎缩盒蛋白32(F-box protein 32,FBXO32)基因的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点,以及基因型与胴体和肉质性状间的相关性,本研究以593头甘南牦牛为研究对象,采用混池测序和竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(kompetitive allele specific PCR,KASP)技术,检测了甘南牦牛FBXO32基因突变位点及基因型,分析了基因型与甘南牦牛胴体及肉质性状的相关性。结果表明,从甘南牦牛FBXO32基因检测到7个SNP位点,分别是位于5′UTR区的SNP1(g.267A>C)、外显子1区的SNP2(g.326G>T)、外显子8区的SNP3(g.31231G>C),以及3′UTR区的SNP4(g.31352G>A)、SNP5(g.31424C>T)、SNP6(g.31503A>C)和SNP7(g.31504A>G)。其中,SNP1、SNP4、SNP5、SNP6与肌肉嫩度显著相关(P<0.05),SNP3、SNP6、SNP7与失水率显著相关(P<0.05),SNP1、SNP2、SNP3、SNP4、SNP5、SNP7与眼肌面积显著相关(P<0.05),SNP2、SNP5、SNP6与胴体重显著相关(P<0.05)。7个SNP位点构建的9种有效单倍型组合中,单倍型组合H2H2的个体肌肉嫩度小、熟肉率高,单倍型组合H1H2的个体熟肉率高、眼肌面积大、失水率低。FBXO32基因突变位点可作为甘南牦牛胴体及肉质性状潜在分子遗传标记,研究结果丰富了甘南牦牛经济性状分子遗传理论基础。

In order to analyze the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)of FBXO32(F-box protein 32)gene and carcass and meat quality traits in Gannan yak(Bos grunniens),593 Gannan yaks were used to detect the mutation loci and genotypes of the FBXO32 gene,and to analyze the correlation between genotypes and carcass and meat quality traits of Gannan yaks by using mixed-pool sequencing and kompetitive allele specific PCR(KASP)technology.The results showed that seven SNP loci were detected in FBXO32 gene of Gannan yak,which were SNP1(g.267A>C)in 5′UTR region,SNP2(g.326G>T)in exon 1 region,SNP3(g.31231G>C)in exon 8 region,and SNP4(g.31352G>A),SNP5(g.31424C>T),SNP6(g.31503A>C),and SNP7(g.31504A>G)in 3′UTR region.SNP1,SNP4,SNP5,and SNP6 were significantly correlated with muscle tenderness(P<0.05),SNP3,SNP6,and SNP7 were significantly correlated with water loss rate(P<0.05),SNP1,SNP2,SNP3,SNP4,SNP5,and SNP7 were significantly correlated with eye muscle area(P<0.05),and SNP2,SNP5,and SNP6 were significantly correlated with carcass weight(P<0.05).Among the nine effective haplotype combinations constructed by seven SNP loci,the haplotype combination H2H2 had low meat tenderness and high cooked meat rate,while the haplotype combination H1H2 had high cooked meat rate,large eye muscle area and low water loss rate.The mutation site of FBXO32 gene can be used as a potential molecular genetic marker for carcass and meat quality traits in Gannan yak.The results enrich the theoretical basis of molecular genetics of economic traits in Gannan yak.