阜阳地区6种杂薰衣草的引种栽培

Introduction and Cultivation of Six Varieties of Lavandula×intermedia in Fuyang Area

为探讨杂薰衣草在阜阳地区的生态适应性与应用潜质,以6种杂薰衣草引种品种为研究对象,在栽植第3年对株高、冠幅、花枝数等生长指标,叶色、花色、花期等观赏指标,精油含量、成分、产量等经济指标进行调查分析。结果显示,在阜阳地区各品种均能正常生长,其中‘Mentha’株高最高,达81.30 cm;‘Sumian’冠幅最大,达114.25 cm;‘Nizza’花量最大,干重达252.63 g/株;‘Arabian Nights’花萼、花冠颜色深,花期最早,观赏期最长。经济指标检测显示,‘Arabian Nights’精油提取率最高,达5.34%;‘Nizza’精油产量最高,达9.22 g/株。气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析显示,‘Nizza’精油成分中芳樟醇、乙酸芳樟酯含量较高,品质显著优于其他品种。综上,在阜阳地区,‘Arabian Nights’最适宜用于观赏栽培,‘Nizza’最适宜用于精油提取栽培。

In order to explore the ecological adaptability and application potential of lavandin(Lavandula×intermedia)in Fuyang area,six introduced varieties of lavandin were investigated and analyzed in the third year of planting,including growth indicators such as plant height,crown width,number of flower branches,ornamental indicators such as leaf color,flower color,flowering period,and economic indicators such as essential oil content,composition,and unit yield.The results showed that all varieties could grow normally in Fuyang area,and the plant height of‘Mentha’was the highest among the six varieties,reaching 81.30 cm;‘Sumian’had the largest crown diameter,reaching 114.25 cm;and‘Nizza’showed the largest amount of flowers,with a dry weight of 252.63 g/plant.Besides,deep calyx and corolla colors were observed in‘Arabian Nights’with the earliest flowering and the longest ornamental period.According to economic indicators,‘Arabian Nights’had the highest extraction rate of essential oil,reaching 5.34%,and‘Nizza’had the highest yield of essential oil,reaching 9.22 g/plant.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis showed that the content of linalool and linalyl acetate in the essential oil of variety‘Nizza’was the highest and the quality was significantly superior to other varieties.In summary,among the six lavandin varieties,‘Arabian Nights’is most suitable for ornamental cultivation,and‘Nizza’is the most suitable variety for essential oil extraction cultivation in Fuyang area.