有机电化学晶体管及其在生物电子学领域的应用进展

Organic electrochemical transistors and their application progress in bioelectronics

有机电化学晶体管(organic electrochemical transistor,OECT)具有高跨导、低工作电压和高灵敏度等特点,在逻辑电路、传感器件、健康检测和仿生电子等领域显示出广泛的应用潜力.OECT器件采用独特的液态电解液结构,赋予其优异的水介质稳定性和生物兼容性,能够将微弱的离子和生物信号放大并转换为电学信号输出,因此在生物电子学领域具有内在的应用优势.本文综述了近年来OECT器件在生物电子学领域的研究进展与发展现状,从OECT器件的结构和工作原理出发,重点介绍了OECT技术在生物生理信号监测、生物化学传感和仿生神经形态方面的应用进展,最后讨论了OECT技术在生物电子学领域中仍存在的关键挑战和未来发展方向.

Organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs)have emerged with various merits such as high transconductance,low operating voltage and high sensitivity,thus enabling wide potential applications,including logic circuits,sensors,health monitoring and bionic electronics.The utilization of a unique liquid electrolyte that endows OECTs with excellent biocompatibility and stability in water medium and the ability to transduce and amplify weak ionic/biological signals into electronic outputs make OECTs ideal candidates for bioelectronics.This review summarizes the recent research progress and developments of OECTs in the field of bioelectronics,starting from the device structure and working principle of OECTs,then emphatically introduces the application progress of OECT technology in biophysiological signal monitoring,biochemical sensing and biomimetic neuromorphic fields.Finally,the key challenges and future development prospects of OECT technology in bioelectronics are discussed.