2017—2021年新疆伊宁市气象因素对大气污染物的影响及污染物变化趋势研究

Research on impact of meteorological factors on air pollutants and pollutant change trends in Yining City of Xinjiang from 2017 to 2021

目的对伊宁市近年来主要大气污染物SO_(2)、NO_(2)、可吸入颗粒物(inhalable particulate matter,PM_(10))、细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))、CO浓度变化和气象因素水平与主要污染物浓度关系进行分析,为伊宁市大气污染防治提供依据。方法收集2017—2021年伊宁市主要大气污染物浓度、空气优良天数和气象因素变化等质量相关数据进行统计描述,采用Pearson相关分析大气污染物与气象因素的相关性,评价伊宁市大气污染和气象因素的特征。结果2017—2021年伊宁市主要污染物SO_(2)、NO_(2)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、CO的浓度年均值分别在11.59~23.19、30.05~37.42、66.12~84.14、35.78~55.51和1.21~1.81μg/m^(3)范围内。主要污染物SO_(2)、NO_(2)年平均浓度呈降低趋势,冬春二季最高,夏秋最低;PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、CO年平均浓度在2017—2021年呈波动趋势。伊宁市大气中SO_(2)、NO_(2)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、CO浓度与气温和风速均呈显著负相关,与气压呈显著正相关(均P<0.01)。结论2017—2021年伊宁市的大气环境逐日得到了改善,主要大气污染物浓度下降显著。伊宁市气象因素与主要大气污染物浓度存在显著相关,可以参考结果考虑相应的治理措施。

Objective To analyze the concentration changes of major air pollutants SO_(2),NO_(2),inhalable particles(PM_(10)),fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)),CO,and the relationship between meteorological factors and the concentration of major pollutants in Yining City in recent years,providing a basis for the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution in Yining City.Methods The quality related data on the concentration of main air pollutants,the number of days with good air quality,and changes in meteorological factors in Yining City from 2017 to 2021 were collected for statistical description.Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between air pollutants and meteorological factors,and the characteristics of air pollution and meteorological factors in Yining City were evaluated.Results The annual average concentrations of main pollutants SO_(2),NO_(2),PM_(10),PM_(2.5),and CO in Yining City from 2017 to 2021 ranged from 11.59-23.19,30.05-37.42,66.12-84.14,35.78-55.51,and 1.21-1.81μg/m^(3),respectively.The annual average concentrations of main pollutants SO_(2)and NO_(2)showed a decreasing trend,with the highest in winter and spring and the lowest in summer and autumn.The annual average concentrations of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),and CO had shown a fluctuating trend from 2017 to 2021.The concentrations of SO_(2),NO_(2),PM_(10),PM_(2.5),and CO in the atmosphere of Yining City were significantly negatively correlated with temperature and wind speed,and significantly positively correlated with air pressure(all P<0.01)Conclusions The atmospheric environment in Yining City has been improved day by day from 2017 to 2021,with a significant decrease in the concentration of main atmospheric pollutants.There is a significant correlation between meteorological factors and the concentration of major atmospheric pollutants in Yining City,and corresponding control measures can be considered based on the results.