从“分散治理”到“融合治理”:社会治理的逻辑转向——以M社区融警务创新为例

From “Decentralized Governance” to “Integrated Governance”:A Logical Shift in Social Governance——Take as an Example Community M's Integrated Policing Reform

当今社会治理呈现出前所未有的复杂性,单一主体治理的传统模式已经无法迎合日趋复杂的发展要求。这就需要突破原有治理模式的掣肘,将同一治理场域中的不同主体整合到集体行动的框架之中,共同应对公共事务问题。然而,在实践中,多元治理主体往往由于科层结构、利益争夺等原因而陷入各自为政的分散化治理困境,如治理结构分散化、治理过程碎片化以及治理体系封闭化。通过对M社区融警务创新的分析可知,以执政党为枢纽型组织,通过运用结构重塑机制、吸纳互动机制和价值整合机制,能够在基层治理场域形成“融合治理”。“融合治理”不仅能够有效回应“分散治理”的困境,还代表着社会治理逻辑从过去的“条线逻辑”转变为“复合逻辑”,呈现出主体复合化、工具多样化和价值多元化的发展态势。

Because,nowadays,the social governance takes on unprecedented complexity,the traditional governance model characterized by a single subject is no longer able to cater to the needs of the increasingly complex development trend.This needs breaking through the constraints of the original governance mode and combining different entities in the same governance sector into the framework of collective actions so as to make joint efforts to respond to problems concerning public affairs.However,in practice,multi-governance subjects often fall into the plights of fragmented governance owing to hierarchical structure and interest conflict,which are embodied in decentralized governance structures,fragmented governance process and isolated governance system.By taking the analysis of Community M's integrated policing reform,we have found that the government party as a pivotal organization can attain the goal of "integrated governance" in the first-line governance sector through mechanisms to restructure,to absorb and to interact and to integrate values.The "integrated governance" can not only effectively respond to the plights of decentralized governance,but also show the transformation of the social governance logic from the past "lineal logic" to the "composite logic",which embodies the evolutionary trend of composite subjects,diversified methodologies and values.