数控装备误差补偿关键技术研究

The Key Technology of Error Compensation for CNC Equipment

制造业虚拟工厂模式可以降本增效、优化服务质量,是应对全球化激烈竞争的不二选择。在该模式下,为不断提升产品质量,主要研究与之生产过程相关的数控装备精度提升关键技术即误差补偿关键技术,具体包括误差源分析、误差建模、误差测量及误差数据处理。由此,以五轴机床为数控装备的代表,找出了影响其精度的45项几何误差;并通过误差建模,构建了这45项误差与五轴机床系统总误差的关系;其次,根据五轴机床误差特性,构建了测量系统,并证实了该系统的有效性;最后,针对测量数据,展开误差处理分析,解决了非测量节点数据问题,同时大幅降低了数据量信息,为快速有效地进行误差补偿奠定了数据基础。

The virtual factory model of manufacturing industry can reduce cost and increase efficiency,optimize service quality,so it is good choice to cope with the fierce global competition.In order to continuously improve product quality in the mode,the accuracy enhancement of CNC equipment related to the production process was mainly focused on,which were the key techniques of error compensation,including error source analysis,error modeling,error measurement and error data processing.Therefore,the five-axis machine tool was taken as the representative of CNC equipment,and 45 geometric errors which affected its accuracy were found out;through error modeling,the relationship between these 45 errors and the total system error of the five-axis machine tool was established;then,according to the error characteristics of the five-axis machine tool,the measuring system was constructed and its effectiveness was verified;finally,data handling was carried out for the measurement data,which provided non-measurement node data and greatly reduced the amount of data information,so it laid a data foundation for rapid and effective error compensation.