从黄仁宇的“大历史观”看中国式现代化与西式现代化的差异

On the Differences Between Chinese Path to Modernization and Western Modernization from Huang Renyu’s“Macro-history View”

著名历史学家黄仁宇以“大历史观”享誉史界,他以中国社会走向现代化发展为参照来思考西方资本主义现代化问题,认为中国社会不具备产生资本主义的技术性格。中国式现代化以人民为中心的五个特色,与以资本为中心的西式现代化有本质上的不同。这是由东西方文化的差异决定的。中国式现代化过程中应注意的问题:(一)需注意上层结构和下层结构的联系;(二)必须考虑社会的承受力;(三)应争取民众最大公约数,避免走向极端化。

The renowned historian Huang Renyu is famous for his“macro-history view”.He considers the modernization of Western capitalism with reference to the modernization and development of Chinese society,and believes that Chinese society does not have the technical character to produce capitalism.Chinese path to modernization is characterized by the five people-centered features and is fundamentally different from the capital-centered Western modernization,which is determined by the differences between Eastern and Western cultures.Problems need to be noted in Chinese path to modernization are:(1)the need to pay attention to the linkage between the upper and lower structures;(2)the need to consider the affordability of the society;and(3)the need to strive for the extensive consensus of people to avoid going to extremes.