“双二元”结构视角下的健康不平等测度与分析

Measurement and Analysis of Health Inequality from the Perspective of“Double Dual”Structure

利用全国流动人口和户籍人口的社会融合与心理健康专题调查数据,立足于户籍制度形成的“双二元”社会结构,对城市15—60岁样本居民的纯粹健康不平等和与收入相关的健康不平等分别进行测度和分析。结果发现:(1)流动人口健康不良得分为5.626,当地户籍人口健康不良得分为4.303,健康的“内外之分”存在;(2)流动人口中存在着倾向富人的健康不平等,而当地户籍人口中存在着倾向穷人的健康不平等,“内外之分”存在;(3)“城乡差异”现象存在。应制定应对流动人口年龄结构和婚姻特征的健康策略,有效落实户籍制度改革,切实提升流动人口教育水平,加强职业培训,促进收入提高,防止城市居民健康不平等加剧。

Using data from the national special survey on the social integration and mental health of the floating population and registered population,and based on the“double dual”social structure formed by the household registration system,this paper measures and analyzes pure and income-related health inequality respectively among a sample of urban residents between the ages of 15 and 60.The results indicate:(1)the ill-health score of the migrant population is 5.626 while that of the local registered population is 4.303,showing an“internal-external division”in health;(2)there is a healthy inequality in favor of the rich among the migrant population and the poor among the local registered population with the existence of the“internal-external division”;(3)the phenomenon of“urban-rural difference”exist.Therefore,we should formulate health strategies to deal with the age structure and marital characteristics of the floating population,effectively implement the reform of the registered residence system,improve the education level of the floating population,strengthen vocational training,promote higher income,so as to prevent the aggravation of health inequality among urban residents.