明史料中关于白莲教徒叛逃土默特部分问题辨伪

Distinguishing of Some Problems About White Lotus Defection to Tumote in the Ming Historical Materials

明嘉靖年间,明蒙边境因绝贡事件导致冲突升级,最终酿成庚戌之惨剧。而将明蒙关系推向不正常化的关键因素,则来自于叛逃至土默特地区白莲教众的唆使与挑拨。《世宗实录》《万历武功录》《赵全谳牍》《云中处降录》等史料对这段历史均有描述。吕明镇起义作为大同地区白莲教徒外逃的历史起点,在起义时间、参与人员以及外逃原因方面上述文献记载各有不同;而弟子赵全作为嘉靖中后期推动明蒙冲突升级的重要人物,承继师命潜伏隐蔽,秘密煽动教民反叛,事发被迫入蒙描述,文献史料记载大相径庭。以文献资料对比和史学理论分析,来初步对吕赵等人物及事件进行甄伪辨析。

During Jiajing Period of the Ming Dynasty,the conflict between Ming and Mongolia gradually escalated due to the reject of tribute which eventually led to the tragedy of Geng Xu.The key factor pushing the relationship between Ming and Mongolia to be abnormal was the constant instigation and provocation of White Lotus believers who defect to Tumote.There are many records about this such as Shizong Shilu,Wanli Wugonglu,Zhaoquan Yandu,Yunzhong Chujianglu.Lyuming Town Uprising is the starting point of the history of the defection of the White Lotus in Datong.However,the records of this is quite different in aspects such as the time,the participants and the reason for the defection in the above literatures.The disciple Zhao Quan,an important figure to promote the escalation of the conflict between the Ming and the Mongolia in the middle and late Jiajing Period,succeeded his teacher’s order to lurk in secret,incited the people to rebel secretly and was forced to enter the Mongolia,which is also recorded quite differently in the literatures.This paper makes a distinction on those figures and incidents from the contrast of literatures and analysis of historical theories.