马克思对黑格尔自由观的批判与超越

Marx’s Criticism and Transcendence of Hegel’s View of Freedom

黑格尔的自由观是三个维度的叠加,从作为人之先验预设的绝对自由到经由反思环节的任性自由,再到依附于国家实体的社会自由,但其本质仍是带有思辨色彩的唯心主义自由观。马克思通过对社会现实情况的考察,对黑格尔的自由观进行批判和实现超越。他把无产阶级当作实现自由的物质武器,强调发挥无产阶级的力量,消灭私有制,扬弃人的异化,在构建共同体的新型社会关系中追求和实现人类真正的自由。

Hegel’s view of freedom is the superposition of three dimensions,from the absolute freedom as the priori presupposition of human,to freedom of arbitrariness through reflection,to the social freedom attached to the state entity,but the essence is still the idealistic view of freedom with speculation.Through the investigation of the social reality,Marx criticizes and surpasses Hegel’s view of freedom.He regarded the proletariat as the material weapon for the realization of freedom,and emphasized the performance of the power of the proletariat,the elimination of private ownership,the abandonment of human alienation and the pursuit and realization of real human freedom in the construction of new social relations in the community.