低浓度职业性苯接触工人热休克蛋白90α水平及氧化应激效应研究

Heat shock proteins 90α level and oxidative stress status in workers occupationally exposed to low-level benzene

目的 探讨低浓度职业性苯接触工人热休克蛋白90α(heat shock proteins 90α,Hsp90α)水平及其对人体的氧化应激效应。方法 2021年5—8月,采用整群抽样方法,以某加油站35名低浓度职业性苯接触工人为接触组,37名非苯作业人员为对照组,进行对照研究。通过问卷调查收集研究对象的基本情况;采集两组人群外周静脉血,检测血常规参数,测定细胞内总谷胱甘肽浓度、血浆中Hsp90α水平。采用气相色谱法测定工作场所空气中苯的浓度。结果 接触组工人接触苯的浓度低于检测限,其血白细胞计数、中性粒细胞绝对值高于对照组(P<0.05),但均在正常参考值范围内。接触组还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)/氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示:相比对照组,接触组的Hsp90α水平提高79.43 ng/mL(P<0.05)。结论 低浓度职业性苯接触对人体健康可能存在影响。Hsp90α可考虑作为潜在的低浓度苯接触的效应生物标志。联合运用血常规检查及血浆Hsp90α水平检测,对及时发现低浓度职业性苯接触造成的健康损害具有一定的预测价值。

Objective To investigate the level of heat shock proteins 90α(Hsp90α)and oxidative stress conditions of workers occupationally exposed to low-level benzene.Methods From May to August 2021,all 35 workers in a gas station as the exposure group were studied by a cluster sampling method,while 37 workers without any exposure to benzene were studied as the control group.The basic information of the workers was collected by a questionnaire survey,and peripheral venous blood samples were collected to test the blood routine parameters,the total glutathione concentration in cells,and the Hsp90αlevel in plasma.The concentration of benzene in the air of the workplace was measured by gas chromatography.Results The airborne concentration of benzene at this gas station was below the detection limit.The white blood cell count and the absolute value of neutrophils in the exposure group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),but all values were within the normal reference range.The ratio of reduced glutathione(GSH)to oxidized glutathione(GSSG)in exposed workers was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the Hsp90αlevel of exposed workers increased by 79.43 ng/mL compared with that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Occupational exposure to low-level benzene may have an impact on human health.Hsp90αcould be considered a potential biomarker of the effect.The combined use of blood routine examination and plasma Hsp90αlevel detection has a certain predictive value for timely discovering the health damage caused by occupational exposure to low-level benzene.