中医古籍《灵枢》的知识图谱构建与可视化探讨

A Preliminary Study on the Construction and Visualization of Knowledge Graph for the Ancient Chinese Medical Book Ling Shu

【目的】探讨《灵枢》的知识图谱构建与可视化方法,以期为中医古籍理论知识的结构化存储与展示提供思路。【方法】借鉴专业领域知识图谱的构建思路,利用文本挖掘技术,进行词库构建,对《灵枢》原文进行分词、实体识别、关系抽取等处理,得到知识图谱的构建基础。再利用图数据库Neo4j进行知识图谱的存储与查询,实现知识图谱的可视化展示。【结果】得到《灵枢》词库的1216个高质量词汇,实现了《灵枢》理论的知识图谱构建。构建的知识图谱可基本展示《灵枢》文本中描述的中医理论,如藏象与精气之间的关系、情志与五脏的关系等,使得相关实体与关系的检索调用成为可能,为中医古籍理论知识的结构化存储与展示提供了思路。【结论】通过知识图谱构建可以得到《灵枢》的中医理论知识图谱,展示《灵枢》中表达的阴阳五行、脏腑经络等的知识联系。知识图谱的构建与在图数据库中的存储,可使《灵枢》文本涉及的知识图谱能以可视化语义网络图的形式进行展示,还可使嵌入语义搜索、语义维基等系统成为可能,为中医智能医疗服务发展助力。

Objective To explore the construction and visualization for knowledge graph of Ling Shu(Spiritual Pivot),with a view to providing ideas for the structured storage and display of the theoretical knowledge of the ancient Chinese medical books.Methods Using the professional idea of constructing knowledge graphs for reference,text mining technology was applied to construct the thesaurus,and then word division,entity recognition,and relationship extraction for the original text of Ling Shu were performed to get the elements of knowledge graph construction.The graph database Neo4j was used for the storage and query of the knowledge graph,and then the visual display of the knowledge graph was achieved.Results The 1216 high-quality words consisting of the thesaurus of Ling Shu were obtained,and the construction of the knowledge graph of the theory of Ling Shu was realized.The constructed knowledge graph basically displayed the traditional Chinese medicine theories such as the correlation of visceral manifestations with essence qi,and the relationship between emotions and the five-zang organs described in Ling Shu,which made the retrieval and utilization of the related entities and relationships possible,and provided ideas for the structured storage and display of the theoretical knowledge of the ancient books of Chinese medicine.Conclusion The knowledge graph construction technology can be used to obtain the Chinese medicine theoretical knowledge graph of Ling Shu,and to display the knowledge connections of yinyang and the five elements,and the internal organs and meridians expressed in the Ling Shu.The construction of the knowledge graph and its storage in the graph database enable the knowledge graph involved in the text of Ling Shu to be displayed in the form of visualized semantic network graph,and also make the embedding of other search systems such as the semantic search and semantic wiki possible,which will be helpful for the development of Chinese medicine intelligent medical services.