现代智库研究的“两种知识”——兼论中国特色新型智库研究的概念框架

The“Two Kinds of Knowledge”in Modern Think Tank Research:A Comprehensive Discussion on the Conceptual Framework of New Type Think Tank Research with Chinese Characteristics

[目的/意义]立足现代智库研究学理需求,反思现代智库研究,在此基础之上进一步形成具有本土特征的概念框架,探索中国特色新型智库理论研究与实践发展的新路径。[方法/过程]通过区分不同层次的研究,提出现代智库研究的“两种知识”,用以分析中国特色新型智库本质的研究困境与功能发挥的研究现状,找到中国特色新型智库研究的概念框架切入点。第1种知识的探究运用经验性、解释性与评判性并存的研究思路,第2种知识的探究运用“结构—行动”的研究思路,在此基础之上提出中国特色新型智库研究的概念框架。[结果/结论]本研究通过概念框架区分不同层次的研究,“两种知识”组成中国特色新型智库研究概念框架的构成要素。第1种知识回答了中国特色新型智库的组织本质、功能、特点和背景知识等相关问题,第2种知识回答了中国特色新型智库功能发挥过程之中涉及到的、如何在一般性预先假设下互动、如何在互动中更好地发挥功效,以及行动如何改变一般性预先假设的问题,即关于行动者与结构化的问题。

[Purpose/Significance]Based on the academic needs of modern think tank research,we should reflect on modern think tank research,further form a conceptual framework with local characteristics on this basis,and explore new paths for the theoretical research and practical development of new type think tank with Chinese characteristics.[Method/Process]By distinguishing different levels of research,the“two types of knowledge”in modern think tank research are proposed to analyze the research difficulties and current status of the essence and functional utilization of new types of think tanks with Chinese characteristics,and find the entry point for the conceptual framework of new think tank research with Chinese characteristics.The exploration of the first type of knowledge utilizes a research approach that combines experiential,explanatory,and critical approaches,while the exploration of the second type of knowledge applies the“structure action”research approach.Based on this,a conceptual framework is proposed for the study of new think tanks with Chinese characteristics.[Result/Conclusion]Different levels of research are distinguished through conceptual frameworks."Two kinds of knowledge"form the constituent elements of the conceptual framework for new think tank research with Chinese characteristics.The first type of knowledge in the study of new think tanks with Chinese characteristics answers relevant questions regarding the organizational essence,functions,characteristics,and background knowledge of such new think tanks with Chinese characteristics.The second type of knowledge answers the question of how to perform the functions of new think tanks with Chinese characteristics,which involves taking action based on general presumptions,how to better play their role in interaction,and how actions can change general presumptions.That is,about actors and structures.