越洋传播与跨境保护——马来西亚槟城华侨建筑遗产保护修缮模式研究

Transoceanic Transmission and Cross-border Conservation:Research on the Conservation and Restoration Model of Overseas Chinese Architectural Heritage in Penang,Malaysia

历史上在海上贸易和移民传统影响下华侨在东南亚等地营建聚落,当代海内外华人协同推进东南亚华侨建筑遗产跨境保护工作,两者在不同时间维度下共同促进了华侨建筑文化的跨洋传播交流与保护传承。文章以越海移民参与侨居地建设的历史脉络为背景分析华侨建筑遗产特征,通过对重点修缮项目的田野调查、个案解读及相关人员口述访谈,从实践基础、工作方式、合作机制等方面总结槟城华侨建筑遗产跨境合作保护模式。通过对华侨建筑遗产海洋文化内涵的探讨,归纳海外华侨建筑保护未成体系、地缘割裂影响逐步消除、文化情感联结加深等跨境保护模式形成动因,以期为海外华侨建筑遗产保护修缮提供借鉴和思考。

Historically,under the influence of maritime trade and immigration traditions,overseas Chinese built settlements in Southeast Asia.Contemporary Chinese at home and abroad have worked together to promote the cross-border protection of overseas Chinese architectural heritage in Southeast Asia.The two have promoted the cross-ocean spread and exchange of overseas Chinese architectural culture in different time dimensions.This article analyzes the characteristics of overseas Chinese architectural heritage against the background of the history of overseas Chinese migrants'participation in the construction of overseas Chinese settlements,and summarizes the cross-border cooperative conservation model of Penang's overseas Chinese architectural heritage in terms of the practice basis,operating method,and cooperation mechanism through field survey of key overseas Chinese architectural renovation projects,the interpretation of individual cases,and the oral interviews with relevant personnel.Through the discussion of the marine cultural connotation of overseas Chinese architectural heritage,it summarizes the reasons for the formation of the conservation model,where the protection of overseas Chinese buildings has not been established systematically,the influence of geographical separation has been gradually eliminated,and the intrinsic cultural-emotional connection has been deepened,with a view to providing reference and reflection for the conservation and restoration of overseas Chinese architectural heritage.