上海蚕豆地方资源鉴定评价与遗传多样性分析

Evaluation and genetic diversity analysis of Shanghai faba bean germplasm resources

为了解上海蚕豆地方资源的遗传多样性,对“第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动”中收集的43份蚕豆种质的主要农艺性状进行鉴定评价。结果表明:这些蚕豆资源存在丰富的遗传多样性,13个数量性状的变异系数在5.7%—37.5%。相关分析显示,单株产量和单株荚数均与单株粒数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。主成分分析结果表明,5个主成分累计贡献率达75.560%,主要与产量、籽粒和荚果性状相关。聚类分析将其分为两大类群,分别包含32份和11份蚕豆资源。第I类群又分为2个亚群,亚群Ⅰ-1籽粒大、单株产量高、种皮浅褐色,亚群Ⅰ-2籽粒较大,可作为大粒新品种的育种材料;第Ⅱ类群籽粒较小、单株荚数较高,可作为小粒多荚新品种的育种材料。研究结果可为蚕豆品种改良提供材料基础。

To understand the genetic diversity of Shanghai faba bean germplasm resources,the main agronomic traits of 43 resources from Shanghai under the third national survey and collection action on crop germplasm resources were analyzed.The results showed that a higher genetic diversity in these faba beans.The variable coefficient of 13 quantitative traits were 5.7%—37.5%.The correlation analysis reviewed that the yield as well as pod number was positively correlated with seed number per plant(P<0.01).The principal component analysis showed that 5 principal components including yield,seed and pod traits with a cumulative contribution rate of 75.560%.Two main categories were divided for 43 resources by cluster analysis.GroupⅠandⅡcontained 32 and 11 resources,respectively.Two subpopulations were divided in group I.GroupⅠ-1 represented larger seed,higher yield per plant,and light brown seed.Group I-2 represented large seed.The accessions from groupⅠcould be used as breeding materials for new large-seed varieties.GroupⅡrepresented small seed and more pods per plant,which could be used as breeding materials for new small-seed and more pods varieties.This study can provide the foundation of materials for faba bean breed improvement.