不同温度对羊肚菌淀粉代谢的调控研究

Regulation of starch metabolism in Morchella at different temperature

研究了不同温度对淀粉培养基中羊肚菌菌丝生长、淀粉酶活[腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶(AGPase)、α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶、淀粉分支酶(DBE)、淀粉脱分支酶(SBE)]、淀粉含量(直链淀粉、支链淀粉)和淀粉相关酶基因表达的影响。结果表明:在10—25℃温度条件下,随着温度的增加,淀粉培养基上菌丝生长速度加快,菌丝浓密度和菌丝尖端分叉增加;AGPase、DBE、α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶在20℃下活性最高,SBE则在10℃下活性最高。直链淀粉含量和支链淀粉剩余含量在10℃下最高。相关性分析结果显示,温度与α-淀粉酶活性和SBE活性相关性不显著,与β-淀粉酶活性、AGPase活性、DBE活性呈显著负相关,与直链淀粉含量和支链淀粉含量呈极显著负相关。综上,在15—20℃温度条件下,羊肚菌对培养基中的淀粉代谢能力最强,10℃低温或者25℃高温都不利于羊肚菌对培养基质中淀粉的利用。研究可为羊肚菌的菌种制作和人工种植提供理论支撑。

The effects of temperature on mycelial growth,amylase activity(adenosine diphosphate glucosepyrophosphorylase AGPase,α-amylase,β-amylase,starch branching enzyme DBE,starch debranching enzyme SBE),starch content(amylopectin,amylopectin)and amylase-related gene expression of Morchella in starch medium were studied.The results showed that in the temperature range of 10—25℃,with the increase of temperature,the growth rate of mycelia on starch medium was accelerated,and the mycelial density and mycelial tip bifurcation were also increased.The activity of AGPase,DBE,α-amylase andβ-amylase was the highest at 20℃,while the activity of SBE was the highest at 10℃.Both amylose content and amylopectin residual content were the highest at 10℃.In addition,correlation analysis results showed that temperature had no significant correlation withα-amylase activity and SBE activity,but had significant negative correlation withβ-amylase activity,AGPase activity and DBE activity,had extremely significant negative correlation with amylose content and amylopectin content.According to the above results,morels had the highest metabolic capacity for starch in the culture medium at 15—20℃,and the temperature of 10℃and 25℃were not unfavorable for morels to use starch in the culture substrate.This study provided theoretical and data support for the artificial cultivation of Morchella.