上海市徐汇区不同体重指数老年人中心性肥胖的流行现状

Prevalence of central obesity among the elderly with different body mass indexes in Xuhui District,Shanghai

【目的】了解上海市徐汇区老年居民超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖的流行现状及影响因素,分析不同体重指数(BMI)的老年人中心性肥胖流行情况。【方法】使用第3轮居民健康状况与卫生服务利用监测数据,选取≥60岁调查对象的问卷调查和体格检查信息,使用SPSS 20.0软件进行χ2检验、趋势χ2检验和无序多分类logistic回归分析。【结果】最终纳入5096名调查对象。徐汇区≥60岁居民超重率为34.3%,肥胖率为6.5%,中心性肥胖率为29.2%。居民超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖率存在性别差异,男性超重率和中心性肥胖率高于女性,肥胖率低于女性(P<0.05)。无序多分类logistic回归分析结果显示,与BMI正常非中心性肥胖组相比,仅聚会时饮酒(OR=1.729,95%CI:1.184~2.525)、高血压(OR=1.637,95%CI:1.305~2.053)与BMI正常合并中心性肥胖高度相关,60~岁(OR=1.589,95%CI:1.190~2.120)、70~岁(OR=1.763,95%CI:1.327~2.342)、男性(OR=1.379,95%CI:1.134~1.676)、高血压(OR=2.231,95%CI:1.878~2.649)、过去吸烟(OR=1.437,95%CI:1.027~2.011)、仅聚会时饮酒(OR=1.491,95%CI:1.107~2.006)、每周饮酒≥3次(OR=1.611,95%CI:1.116~2.325)与超重合并中心性肥胖高度相关,60~岁(OR=3.817,95%CI:2.251~6.474)、70~岁(OR=3.084,95%CI:1.838~5.175)、高血压(OR=3.683,95%CI:2.753~4.929)、糖尿病(OR=2.085,95%CI:1.511~2.878)、过去吸烟(OR=1.835,95%CI:1.043~3.226)与复合型肥胖高度相关。不同BMI类别的老年人均存在一定比例的中心性肥胖者,且中心性肥胖率随BMI分级的升高呈上升趋势。【结论】≥60岁老年人超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖流行现状并不乐观,应重点关注年龄<80岁、患有高血压和/或糖尿病、饮酒、文化程度低和不进行体育锻炼的老年人群。尤其是BMI正常的中心性肥胖人群,应采取措施预防和干预肥胖及其相关疾病的发生。

[Objective]To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of overweight,obesity and central obesity among elderly residents in Xuhui District,and to analyze the epidemiological status of central obesity in elderly people with different body mass indexes.[Methods]The third round of health status and health service utilization monitoring data in Xuhui District was used.The information collected from questionnaire survey and physical examination were analyzed.SPSS 20.0 software was used forχ2 test,trendχ2 test and multinominal logistic regression analysis.[Results]5096 survey subjects were included.The prevalence of overweight,general obesity,and central obesity in the residents aged 60 and above in Xuhui District were 34.3%,6.5%,and 29.2%,respectively.There was gender difference in the rates of overweight,obesity,and central obesity among the residents.The overweight and central obesity rates in males were higher than those in females,while the obesity rate was lower than that in females(P<0.05).Multinominal logistic regression analysis showed that in comparison with the normal weight non-central obesity group drinking only at party(OR=1.729,95%CI:1.184‒2.525),and hypertension(OR=1.637,95%CI:1.305‒2.053),were highly associated with normal weight with central obesity.Aged 60‒years(OR=1.589,95%CI:1.190‒2.120),aged 70‒years(OR=1.763,95%CI:1.327‒2.342),male(OR=1.379,95%CI:1.134‒1.676),hypertension(OR=2.231,95%CI:1.878‒2.649),former smokers(OR=1.437,95%CI:1.027‒2.011),drinking at party only(OR=1.491,95%CI:1.107‒2.006),and drinking≥3 times per week(OR=1.611,95%CI:1.116‒2.325),were highly associated with overweight combined with central obesity.Aged 60‒years(OR=3.817,95%CI:2.251‒6.474),aged 70‒years(OR=3.084,95%CI:1.838‒5.175),hypertension(OR=3.683,95%CI:2.753‒4.929),diabetes(OR=2.085,95%CI:1.511‒2.878),former smokers(OR=1.835,95%CI:1.043‒3.226),were highly associated with compound obesity.Central obesity was found in the elderly residents with different BMI categories,and the rate of central obesity increased with the increase of BMI grade.[Conclusion]The prevalence of overweight,obesity and central obesity among the elderly aged 60 years and above in Xuhui District is not optimistic.Attention should be paid to the elderly under 80 years old who are with hypertension and/or diabetes,alcohol consumption,low educational level and not doing physical exercise.Especially for the central obesity population with normal BMI,measures should be taken to prevent and intervene the occurrence of obesity and related diseases.