“弱者的强权”:中国当代城市治理中的城管境遇

"The Power of the Weak":the Situation of Chengguan(城管)in Contemporary Urban Governance in China

从人类学田野调查的主位视角来看,城管眼中的自己是多重意义上的“弱者”:他们是制度、法理地位和舆论夹缝中的弱者。他们被要求在城市治理中高效,却缺乏“垂管部门”的足够保障,甚至在法理地位上也存在争议。与此同时,作为城市“脏乱差”的“清道夫”,他们不可避免地要使用强制手段,这又会轻易将自己推上舆论的“风口浪尖”。在这样的夹缝境遇中,城管人员必须采取足够的情景策略,做到刚柔并济,张弛有度,才能在一个夹缝困境中有效地推进中国当代的城市治理。进一步,研究中国当代的城市治理中的不确定性因素时,一定要充分考虑城管的境遇和不同个体的能动性。

From the subjective perspective of anthropological fieldwork,Chengguan(城管,urban management officers and local government employees in China),see themselves as"the weak"in multiple dimensions:they are always struggling with the system,their jurisprudential status,and mass media.They are required to be efficient in urban governance,but lack the adequate protection of the"vertical management department".Their jurisprudential status repeatedly disputed.At the same time,as the"scavengers"of the city's"dirty mess",they inevitably have to use coercive means,which will easily push themselves into the heat of mass media.In such a situation,Chengguan must adopt sufficient situational strategies to achieve the combination of rigidity and flexibility,with a degree of tension and relaxation,in order to effectively promote China's contemporary urban governance in such a dilemma.Further,when concerning the uncertainties in contemporary urban governance in China,it is necessary to take into account the situation of the Chengguan and the agency of different individuals.