合宗共济:贺州“过山瑶”的家屋社会及其结群逻辑

Uniting Ancestors and Benefiting Each Other:the House Society and Its Grouping Logic of the"Guoshanyao"People(过山瑶)in Hezhou

贺州“过山瑶”父系亲属和母系亲属并重,传统上流行两性婚姻流动自由的婚姻形式和两性继嗣平等的双系继嗣,形成了以家屋延续作为社会自我保全基础的家屋社会。这种社会有效统合了女嫁婚和男赘婚、父系继嗣和母系继嗣、父系亲属和母系亲属等在许多其他社会中往往难以并行因而厚此薄彼的婚姻家庭和亲属制度,以及复杂社会关系。“合宗共济”“互利共生”便是“过山瑶”式家屋社会的结群和运行逻辑。

The“Guoshanyao”people in Hezhou equally emphasize on both paternal kinship and maternal kinship,and their mainstream form of marriage is between male and female,in which they are free to get married and divorce,with bi-lineal succession with gender equality.Thus a house society based on family continuity as the essential way of social self-preservation has been formed.This kind of house society effectively integrates virilocal and uxorilocal marriage,patrilineal descent and matrilineal descent,paternal kinship and maternal kinship,which are often difficult to coexist in many other societies.The"family cooperation"and"mutualism"are the social grouping and operation logic of the"Guoshanyao"house society.