肿瘤相关成纤维细胞在乳腺癌中的作用研究进展

Research progress of the cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer

乳腺癌是全球发病率最高的恶性肿瘤之一。近年来肿瘤的各类研究均取得了诸多进展。随着对肿瘤认识的不断深入,肿瘤细胞生长的微环境对癌症发生发展的影响受到越来越多的关注。肿瘤相关成纤维细胞(CAFs)作为肿瘤微环境的重要成分,受肿瘤调控的同时还可通过多种途径释放细胞因子、外泌体等参与调节免疫微环境、重塑细胞外基质,以及促进肿瘤发生、迁移、侵袭和耐药等过程。本文对CAFs在乳腺癌中作用的最新研究进展进行综述,阐述免疫微环境中CAFs与乳腺癌细胞的相互作用模式,以及CAFs促进乳腺癌细胞增殖、侵袭、转移、耐药等恶性生物学行为的多种途径,探讨以CAFs为靶点进行乳腺肿瘤早期筛查及治疗的潜在效能。

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world,and many advances have been made in various types of tumor research in recent years.With the deepening understanding of tumors,the microenvironment for tumor cell growth has attracted more and more attention for its impact on the development and progression of cancer.Cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)as the most important components of the tumor microenvironment,can release cytokines,exosomes,and so forth in many ways to regulate immune microenvironment,remodel extracellular matrix and promote formation,migration,invasion,and resistance of tumors,while at the same time CAFs can be regulated by tumor cells.This paper attempts to explain the interaction mode between CAFs and tumors in the immune microenvironment and various ways in which CAFs can promote tumor proliferation,growth,invasion,metastasis,drug resistance and other malignant biological behaviors.Finally,the possibility of using CAFs as an early screening technique and new treatment method for breast tumors is discussed.