高温胁迫对果树多胺代谢影响的研究进展

A Review of Progress in Effect of High Temperature Stress on Polyamine Metabolism in Fruit Trees

多胺是广泛存在于生物体内的低分子量脂肪族聚合物,是一种新的植物生长调节剂或“第二信使”。植物体内多胺代谢是通过二胺氧化酶(diamine oxidases)和(含黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸)多胺氧化酶(polyamine oxidases)的氧化作用完成的。植物体内的多胺合成与代谢过程受生物胁迫和非生物胁迫,以及其互作效应影响,并具有反作用。多胺一开始被普遍认为是应激条件下重要的直接保护性化合物,但近些年的研究发现,不能把多胺看作是简单的保护性化合物,因为它与其他代谢途径,以及植物体内的其他激素存在密切的联系。这些机制正是我们现在需要研究的重点。高温胁迫作为新疆地区常发的逆境胁迫,对果树生长发育、果实品质及产量造成很大的影响。研究者们发现,多胺在缓解高温胁迫对果树的伤害中发挥了不可替代的作用,并致力于进一步研究多胺的作用机制,以帮助高温地区提高果实产量。该文对近十多年果树在高温胁迫条件下多胺代谢产生的影响进行了全面的阐述。

Polyamines are low melocular weight aliphatic polymers widely existing in organisms.they are new plant growth regulator or“second messager”.The synthesis and metabolism of polyamines in plants are affected by biological and abiotic stresses and their interaction effects.Polyamines were initially thought to be important direct protective compounds under stress conditions.However,recent studies have found that polyamines cannot be regarded as simple protective compounds because they are closely related to other metabolic pathways and other hormones in plants.These mechanisms are what we need to focus on now.As a common stress in Xinjiang,high temperature stress has a great impact on the growth and development of fruit trees,fruit quality and yield.Researchers have found that polyamines play an irreplaceable role in alleviating the damage of high temperature stress on fruit trees,and are committed to further studying the mechanism of polyamines to help improve fruit yield in high temperature areas.In this paper,the effects of high temperature stress on the metabolism of polyamine in fruit trees in recent ten years were described.