晚清“书院”“藏书楼”“图书馆”译介嬗变考论

A Study on the Transition of"Academy","Library Building"and"Library"in the Late Qing Dynasty

文章通过考察“晚清民国期刊全文数据库”和“爱如生·近代报刊库”中1840至1912年间的汉译相关文献,基于报刊视野梳理了近代图书馆学意义上的“书院”“藏书楼”“图书馆”等专有名词的译介嬗变过程。文章认为晚清图书馆学翻译分为三个阶段:以“书院”为题名的归化译介输入阶段,以“藏书楼”为题名的启蒙译介展示阶段,以“图书馆”为题名的主动正名译介研究阶段。文章最后结合社会文化背景分析了晚清图书馆学翻译的特点与演变轨迹,揭示了翻译对近代新图书馆学的兴起和传统图书馆转型的促进作用。

By examining the Chinese translation literature in the"Late Qing and Republican Periodicals Full Text Database"and"Ai Rusheng-Database of Modern Newspapers and Periodicals"from 1840 to 1912,this paper analyzes the transmutation process of the terms"academy","library building","library"and other proper names in modern librarianship based on the viewpoint of newspapers and periodicals.The article argues that the translation of librarianship in the late Qing Dynasty was divided into three stages:the naturalized translation and importation stage with"academy"as the title,the enlightenment translation and display stage with"library building"as the title,and the active translation and display stage with"library"as the title.Finally,the article analyzes the characteristics and evolution of librarianship translation in the late Qing Dynasty combined with the social and cultural background,and reveals the role of translation in promoting the emergence of new librarianship and the transformation of traditional libraries in modern times.