论民间借贷中“家庭日常生活需要”范围的界定

On the Definition of the Scope of“Family Daily Life Needs”in Folk Lending

《民法典》规范的日常家事代理制度虽为解决实践中争议较大的夫妻债务问题提供了明确的法律依据,但未对“家庭日常生活需要”范围作出明确规定,增大了非举债配偶一方承担巨额债务的风险。界定民间借贷案件中“家庭日常生活需要”的范围应坚持主客观标准综合说,先对三种特殊情形进行排除,然后以市(区)、县的居民人均可支配收入水平作为客观衡量标准,最后还应考察夫妻双方的主观意图、外在表示行为、被代理人受益的可能性以及第三人是否尽到注意审查义务,从而实现日常家事代理制度促进家庭生活便利、维护交易安全的目的。

The daily household agency system regulated by“Civil Code”provides a clear legal basis for resolving controversial marital debt issues in practice,but it does not make clear provisions on the scope of“family daily life needs”,increasing the risk of non debtor spouses bearing huge debts.The definition of the scope of“family daily life needs”in private lending cases should adhere to a comprehensive theory of subjective and objective standards.Firstly,three special situations should be excluded,and then the per capita disposable income level of residents in cities(districts)and counties should be used as the objective measurement standard.Finally,the subjective intention,external expression behavior,the possibility of the principal benefiting from both spouses should be examined,and whether the third party has fulfilled the duty of careful review,in order to achieve the goal of promoting family convenience and maintaining transaction safety through the daily household agency system.