1990—2020年黄河流域(陕西段)土地利用格局时空演变分析

Spatio-temporal evolution of land use pattern in the Yellow River Basin(Shaanxi Section) from 1990 to 2020

黄河流域是我国最重要的生态屏障之一,承担着重要的生态调节功能,一直以来都是自然环境与人文活动交互作用强烈的地区。以黄河流域(陕西段)为研究区域,基于多源数据,对其土地利用格局时空演变、重心迁移情况进行分析,并采用PLUS模型对2030年土地利用进行模拟预测。结果表明:1)1990—2020年黄河流域(陕西段)土地利用类型变化主要是旱地、林地、草地之间的相互转化,也存在与其他地类间的相互流动。2)研究期内黄河流域(陕西段)各土地利用类型重心迁移轨迹具有明显的方向性,且过程中普遍存在往复和折返的运动轨迹。3)1990—2020年黄河流域(陕西段)不同功能土地利用类型间存在一定的分布和转化规律,关中地区生活建设用地扩张明显,陕北地区以生态保育用地和粮食生产用地相互转化为主。4)预测结果显示,未来10年黄河流域(陕西段)仍会以城镇化建设为重;林草地等生态价值明显的地类面积下降幅度不大。

The Yellow River Basin is one of the most important ecological barriers in China,which plays an important role in ecological regulation,and has always been an area with a strong interaction between the natural environment and human activities.In this paper,the Yellow River Basin(Shaanxi Section)was taken as the study area,and based on multi-source data,the spatio-temporal evolution of land use pattern and the shift of were analyzed,and the PLUS model was used to simulate and predict land use in 2030.The results showed that:1)The changes of land use types in the Yellow River Basin(Shaanxi Section)from 1990 to 2020 were mainly the mutual transformation between dryland,woodland and grassland,and also the interflow with other land types.2)During the study period,the center of gravity migration trajectories of various land use types in the Yellow River Basin(Shaanxi Section)had obvious directionality,and there were generally reciprocating and turning back trajectories during the movement.3)From 1990 to 2020,there were certain distribution and transformation patterns among different functional land use types in the Yellow River Basin(Shaanxi Section),and the expansion of domestic construction land in Guanzhong was obvious,and the conversion of ecological conservation land and grain production land in northern Shaanxi was the main one.4)The prediction results show that the Yellow River Basin(Shaanxi Section)will continue to focus on urbanization in the next 10 years.The area of land with obvious ecological value such as forest and grassland will not decrease much.