古浪县南部山区典型林分林火类型划分

Classification on Forest Fire Types of Typical Stands in Mountainous Areas of Southern Gulang County

针对古浪县南部山区生态工程实施导致幼林面积不断增加,可燃物空间连续性增强的现状,以样地调查的方法在古浪县南部山区7种典型林分内,对林火具有影响的指标树高、胸径、枝下高、冠幅、含水率、郁闭度、可燃物载量、草本高度、凋落物厚度等进行了调查,采用聚类分析的方法,将具有相似因子属性的林分划分为相似类型,并通过林分内部特性与燃烧特性综合分析,依据各类因子特性区别划分,结合实际分析不同林分组合的燃烧特性,将7种典型林分划分为3类,山杨为一类,采取低强度火为主的防治措施,兼顾地下火;榆树、白桦和山杏为一类,采取低强度火为主的防治措施,兼顾树冠火;山桃、侧柏、云杉为一类,主要采取树冠火为主的防治措施。结合不同林分林火特征进行防火演练,在提高护林员素质同时,可实现林火的科学高效预防与扑救。

In view of the implementation of ecological projects in the southern mountainous area of Gulang County in recent years,the area of young forests has continued to increase,and the spatial continuity of combustibles has increased.Seven species of forest fires in the southern mountainous area of Gulang County were investigated using a sample survey method.The interior of a typical forest stand was investigated on tree height,diameter of breast height,branch height,crown width,moisture content,canopy density,combustible matter load,herb height,and litter thickness.Cluster analysis was performed to classify types according to factor characteristics,and the burning characteristics of different forest stand combinations were analyzed based on actual conditions.Seven typical forest stands were divided into 3 categories,with Populus davidiana in the first category,and prevention and control measures based on low-intensity fire were adopted;Ulmus pumila,Betula platyphylla,and Prunus sibirica belong to second category,and control measures based on low-intensity fire are adopted;Prunus sibirica,Platycladus orientalis,and Picea asperata belong to another category,and control measures based on crown fire are mainly adopted.Combined with fire prevention drills,it can be improved while improving the quality of caregivers,we can also achieve scientific and efficient prevention and fighting for forest fires.