数字空间生育议题的公众表达及性别差异:以新浪微博为例的分析

Public Expression and Gender Differences on Fertility Issues in Digital Space:An Analysis Based on Sina Weibo

分析数字空间生育议题的公众表达,既能深化对人口动态变化微观逻辑的理解,也能为政策制定提供公众情感和态度方面的直接证据。研究基于5300条微博文本数据,采用LDA主题模型和SnowNLP情感分析工具,探讨三孩生育政策实施初期及两年后公众对生育议题的态度表达及变化。研究显示,支持和批评共同构成了生育政策公共讨论的主要内容,生育率—女性的共现频次最高,女性对生育的关注度明显更高,负面情绪也更多。同时,随着政策实施时间的推移,讨论从相对广泛议题逐渐聚焦于生育率问题。在数字空间里,公众对传统婚育观念的挑战、对个人幸福和自我实现的追求,反映出社会价值观、个人权利与政策导向之间的多维交织。

Analyzing the public expression of fertility issues in the digital space not only deepens the understanding of the micro-logic behind population dynamics changes but also provides evidence regarding public emotions and attitudes for policy-making.This study is based on an analysis of 5300 Weibo texts and uses the LDA model and the SnowNLP sentiment analysis tool to explore public attitudes towards fertility issues at the initial implementation of the three-child policy and two years thereafter.The research indicates that both support and criticism constitute the public discourse on fertility policies,with female users showing significantly higher concern and more negative emotions towards fertility,and the co-occurrence frequency of fertility rates and females being the highest.Moreover,as policy timelines evolve,discussions shift from broader topics to fertility rates.In the digital space,the public’s challenge to traditional marital and fertility notions,and their pursuit of personal happiness and self-fulfillment,reflect the multidimensional interweaving of social values,individual rights,and policy orientations.