长效抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症病例分析

Characteristics of schizophrenic patients using long-acting antipsychotic medications

目的了解使用长效抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症病例特征,为长效抗精神病药物适用患者研究提供依据。方法通过上海市精神卫生信息管理系统收集2020年6月—2022年6月上海市长效抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症病例资料,描述性分析人口学特征、患病和服药情况。结果纳入长效抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症病例2684例,年龄为(46.92±12.39)岁;男性1246例,占46.42%;女性1438例,占53.58%;无业1397例,占52.05%;初中及以下学历1429例,占53.24%;未婚1301例,占48.47%;经济状况差832例,占31.00%;看护人以其父母为主,1507例占56.15%。病程以≤10年和>10~20年为主,各860例,占32.04%;自知力不全1963例,占73.14%;住院次数≥1次1570例,占58.49%。持续服药2486例,占92.62%;服药方式以他人喂药为主,1947例占72.54%;服药依从性以按时按量服药为主,2437例占90.80%。结论长效抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症病例以青壮年、未婚、无业、自知力不全、持续服药和他人给药为主要特征。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of schizophrenic patients using long-acting antipsychotic medica⁃tions,so as to provide the basis for applicable population of long-acting antipsychotic medications.Methods Data of schizophrenic patients using long-acting antipsychotic medications in Shanghai City from June 2020 to June 2022 were collected through Shanghai Mental Health Information Management System,and demographic characteristics,illness and medication use of patients were descriptively analyzed.Results A total of 2684 schizophrenic patients using long-acting antipsychotic medications were included in the study,had a mean age of(46.92±12.39)years,with 1246 males(46.42%)and 1438 females(53.58%).There were 1397 unemployed cases,accounting for 52.05%;1429 cases with an educational level in junior high school or below,accounting for 53.24%;1301 unmarried cases,accounting for 48.47%;832 cases in poverty,accounting for 31.00%.The caregivers of patients were mainly their parents,with 1507 cases accounting for 56.15%.The courses of illness were mainly≤10 years and>10-20 years,with 860 cases each,both accounting for 32.04%;1963 cases with incomplete self-awareness,accounting for 73.14%;1570 cases hospitalized at least once,accounting for 58.49%.There were 2486 cases with continuous medication,accounting for 92.62%.The main method of taking medication was given by others,with 1947 cases accounting for 72.54%.The medication adherence was mainly taking medication on time and in the right amount,with 2437 cases accounting for 90.80%.Conclusion The main characteristics of schizophrenic patients using long-acting antipsychotic medications are young,unmarried,and unemployed adults,with incomplete self-awareness,continuous medication and medication given by others.