孕妇睡眠障碍的影响因素研究

Factors affecting sleep disorders among pregnant women

目的了解孕妇睡眠障碍发生情况及其影响因素,为孕期健康管理提供参考。方法选择2023年1—10月在杭州市妇产科医院产检的孕妇为调查对象,通过问卷收集年龄、孕期和运动情况等资料;采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、妊娠压力量表、妊娠相关焦虑量表和中文版简版爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评估睡眠质量、妊娠压力、焦虑和抑郁情况。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析孕妇睡眠障碍的影响因素。结果调查孕妇386人,年龄为(30.28±4.65)岁;孕早、中、晚期分别占20.47%、47.93%和31.61%;存在焦虑、抑郁情绪分别占14.51%和21.76%;中度妊娠压力为主,占51.04%。存在睡眠障碍106人,检出率为27.46%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(≥35岁,OR=1.656,95%CI:1.094~2.503)、孕期(孕晚期,OR=2.097,95%CI:1.213~3.621)、近6个月规律运动(OR=0.376,95%CI:0.210~0.670)、焦虑情绪(OR=2.794,95%CI:1.545~5.048)、抑郁情绪(OR=3.501,95%CI:1.877~6.529)和妊娠压力(中度,OR=1.355,95%CI:1.018~1.801;重度,OR=2.538,95%CI:1.417~4.540)是孕妇睡眠障碍的影响因素。结论孕妇睡眠障碍受年龄、孕期、运动习惯、焦虑情绪、抑郁情绪和妊娠压力影响,应早期识别睡眠障碍高风险人群,做好心理干预与孕期健康指导。

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of sleep disorders among pregnant women,so as to provide insights into health management during pregnancy.Methods Pregnant women who underwent prenatal checkups at Hangzhou Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January to October 2023 were selected as subjects,and general data including age,pregnancy period and exercise were collected through questionnaire surveys.Sleep quality,pregnancy stress,anxiety and depression were evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale,Pregnancy-related Anxiety Scale and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,respectively.Factors affecting sleep disorders among pregnant women were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 386 pregnant women was surveyed,with a mean age of(30.28±4.65)years,including 20.47%in the first trimester,47.93%in the second trimester and 31.61%in the third trimester.Women with anxiety and depression accounted for 14.51%and 21.76%,respectively.Pregnancy stress was mainly moderate,accounting for 51.04%.There were 106 pregnant wom⁃en with sleep disorders,accounting for 27.46%.Mutivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age(≥35 years,OR=1.656,95%CI:1.094-2.503),pregnancy period(third pregnancy,OR=2.097,95%CI:1.213-3.621),regular exercise in the past 6 months(OR=0.376,95%CI:0.210-0.670),anxiety(OR=2.794,95%CI:1.545-5.048),depression(OR=3.501,95%CI:1.877-6.529)and pregnancy stress(moderate,OR=1.355,95%CI:1.018-1.801;severe,OR=2.538,95%CI:1.417-4.540)were the factors affecting sleep disorders among pregnant women.Conclusions Sleep disorders of pregnant women is influenced by age,pregnancy period,pregnancy stress,anxiety,depression and exercise.It is necessary to identify high-risk individuals with sleep disorders early,and to provide psychological intervention and prenatal health guidance.