金山区孕妇被动吸烟调查

Passive smoking among pregnant women in Jinshan District

目的了解上海市金山区孕妇被动吸烟情况,为制定针对性控烟措施,促进母婴健康提供依据。方法选择2021年4月—2023年12月在金山区社区卫生服务中心办理孕产妇保健手册的孕妇为调查对象,通过问卷收集孕妇的基本情况、被动吸烟及对被动吸烟危害认知情况等,分析孕妇被动吸烟率和被动吸烟危害知晓率。结果发放问卷8273份,回收有效问卷8216份,问卷有效率为99.31%。孕妇年龄为(29.52±4.60)岁;大专及以上文化程度4991人,占60.75%;初次妊娠3565人,占43.39%;初产妇3990人,占48.56%;家庭同住人员有吸烟者3193人,占38.86%。孕妇被动吸烟3710人,被动吸烟率为45.16%。被动吸烟场所为公共场所2817人,占75.93%;工作场所2253人,占60.73%;家庭1563人,占42.13%。孕妇对被动吸烟危害健康、导致成人肺癌、导致儿童肺部疾病、导致早产和低出生体重儿、导致成人心脏病的知晓率分别为92.13%、88.85%、87.99%、82.05%和62.56%。结论金山区孕妇被动吸烟率较高,对被动吸烟导致非呼吸系统疾病的知晓率相对较低。

Objective To investigate the status of passive smoking among pregnant women in Jinshan District,Shanghai Municipality,so as to provide insights into developing targeted smoking control measures and promoting maternal and in⁃fant health.Methods Pregnant women who had early pregnancy registration at Jinshan District Community Health Ser⁃vice Center from April 2021 to December 2023 were selected as subjects.The basic information,passive smoking and awareness of passive smoking hazards among pregnant women were collected through questionnaire surveys,and passive smoking rate and awareness rate of passive smoking hazards were analyzed.Results Totally 8273 questionnaires were allocated,and 8216 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective rate of 99.31%.The mean age of partici⁃pants was(29.52±4.60)years.There were 4991 participants with an education of college degree or above,accounting for 60.75%;3565 participants with the first pregnancy,accounting for 43.39%;3990 primiparas,accounting for 48.56%;3193 participants living with smokers,accounting for 38.86%.A total of 3710 participants passively smoked,with a passive smoking rate of 45.16%.There were 2817 participants passively smoked in public places,accounting for 75.93%;2253 participants passively smoked in workplaces,accounting for 60.73%;1563 participants that passive⁃ly smoked at home,accounting for 42.13%.The awareness rates regarding the hazards of passive smoking to health,causing lung cancer in adults,causing lung diseases in children,causing preterm birth and low birth weight infants,and causing heart diseases in adults were 92.13%,88.85%,87.99%,82.05%and 62.56%,respectively.Conclusion The rate of passive smoking among pregnant women in Jinshan District is comparatively high,while their awareness regarding non-respiratory diseases emanating from passive smoking is comparatively low.