266份木薯种质资源农艺性状分析评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Agronomic Traits of 266 Cassava Germplasm Resources

以木薯种质资源为对象,对其8个主要农艺性状数据进行统计学分析。结果表明:8个农艺性状数据呈正态分布,变异系数范围为7.2%~46.9%,其中淀粉产量的变异系数达46.9%,薯干率的变异系数最小,为7.2%。相关分析结果表明,不同性状之间存在一定的显著正相关,其中单株鲜薯质量与茎径呈极显著正相关。进一步利用主成分分析方法将8个农艺性状简化为3个主成分,发现2年的累计贡献率分别达92.55%、93.67%。第一主成分是单株鲜薯质量、鲜薯产量、淀粉产量、薯干产量,第二主成分是淀粉含量和薯干率。通过聚类分析表明,在欧式距离为6.0处,可将各年份的资源分为4个类群,其中第Ⅱ类群(单株鲜薯质量、鲜薯产量、淀粉产量、薯干产量)表现优异,可优先作为高产优质木薯新品种选育的亲本材料。

Eight main agronomic traits were statistically analyzed using cassava germplasm resources.The result showed that the data for the eight agronomic traits were normally distributed,with the coefficients of variation ranging from 7.2%to 46.9%.The coefficient of variation for starch yield was 46.9%and the coefficient of variation for the dry matter rate was 7.2%.Correlation analysis showed that there was a degree of significant positive correlation between the different traits,with a highly significant positive correlation between weight of fresh tuberous root per plant and stem diameter.Principal component analysis combined eight traits into three main components.The cumulative contribution rates in each year amounted to 92.55%and 93.67%,respectively.The first principal components were weight of fresh tuberous root per plant,fresh tuberous root yield,starch yield and dry tuberous root yield.The second principal components were starch content and dry matter.Cluster analysis suggested that the resources could be divided into four groups in each year at the Euclidean distance of 6.0.GroupⅡhad excellent performances in weight of fresh tuberous root per plant,fresh tuberous root yield,starch yield and dry tuberous root yield,which could be preferred as parental materials for new cassava varieties selection and breeding of high yield and good quality.