多源流理论框架下新业态从业者参与社会保险的困境分析

Analysis of the Dilemmas of New Business Practitioners Participating in Social Insurance within the Framework of Multiple Streams Theory

在多源流理论的视角下从问题源流、政策源流和政治源流展开分析,发现我国新业态从业者参与社会保险,实现其社会权益的政策之窗开启已具备了问题源流维度的条件。在政策源流方面存在着外部参与者的利益碰撞,主要表现在制定政策的各部门之间以及各部门与企业之间和内部参与者对政策的制定落实所起到的作用微弱等问题。在政治源流维度,领导者基于社会和谐稳定考虑,不能对现有制度政策进行大幅度的调整以使其与新业态从业者相容。因此结合这样的实际,新业态从业者参与社会保险国家文件的出台源于紧迫的问题源流的开启,同时,问题源流和政治源流已经汇合。但是各地方政府开展的试点工作还处于起步阶段,存在不足之处。

From the perspective of the multiple streams theory,an analysis is conducted through the problem stream,policy stream,and political stream.It is found that the policy window for new business practitioners in China to participate in social insurance and realize their social rights has opened with the conditions of the problem stream dimension in place.In terms of the policy stream,there is a collision of interests among external participants,mainly manifested in the conflicts between different departments in policy-making and between departments and enterprises,as well as the weak role of internal participants in the formulation and implementation of policies.In the political stream dimension,leaders,considering social harmony and stability,cannot make substantial adjustments to the existing institutional policies to accommodate new business practitioners.Therefore,considering these realities,the national document on the participation of new business practitioners in social insurance emerged from the urgent opening of the problem stream,and at the same time,the problem stream and the political stream have already converged.However,the pilot work carried out by local governments is still in its initial stage and has shortcomings.