我国垃圾填埋碳排放核算标准的编制建议

Suggestions on Landfill Carbon Emission Accounting Standards in China

填埋作为我国主要的垃圾处理方式之一,是碳排放的重要来源;编制我国垃圾填埋碳排放核算标准,将支持碳排放统计核算体系建设,推进碳达峰、碳中和目标进程。本文梳理了国内外垃圾填埋碳排放核算的相关标准和指南研制进展,分析了我国垃圾填埋碳排放核算标准编制面临的挑战,在深入讨论相关标准的基准方法、编制重点任务的基础上提出了有关发展建议。研究认为,国际上已有的标准和指南以及提供的缺省值不完全适用于我国垃圾填埋碳排放核算的实际情况,目前我国缺少规范统一的垃圾填埋碳排放核算方法,也缺乏可靠的核算清单数据。为此,针对我国填埋垃圾特征和技术现状,提出了我国垃圾填埋碳排放核算方法、核算范围和清单的建议内容;明晰了我国垃圾填埋碳排放核算标准编制的重点任务,提供了适合我国垃圾填埋场景的清单数据获取方式。后续,可充分考虑地区因素,采用我国特征性数据,以获得更贴合实际情况的垃圾填埋碳排放核算结果,据此开展我国垃圾填埋碳排放核算标准的编制工作。

Landfill,one of the major approaches for waste treatment in China,is a significant source of carbon emissions;compiling landfill carbon emission accounting standards in China will support the construction of a statistical accounting system for carbon emissions and promote the achievement of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.This study reviews the research progress of landfill carbon emission accounting standards and guidelines in China and abroad,analyzes the challenges faced by the development of these standards in China,and proposes relevant development suggestions based on an in-depth discussion of the baseline methodology for the standards and the priority tasks for compilation.The international standards and guidelines currently available for reference are not fully applicable to China’s landfill carbon emission accounting,and there is a lack of standardized and unified landfill carbon emission accounting methodology as well as reliable accounting inventory data in China.Therefore,based on the waste characteristics and technical status of landfills in China,recommendations for carbon emission accounting methodology,scope,and inventory are proposed,priorities for the standards compilation are clarified,and approaches for obtaining inventory data applicable to China’s landfill scenarios are provided.Subsequently,regional factors can be fully considered and characteristic data of China can be adopted in order to obtain landfill carbon emission accounting results that are more in line with the actual situation,and the compilation of landfill carbon emission accounting standards in China can be carried out accordingly.