超深断控碳酸盐岩油藏空间结构表征技术与工程实践

Spatial Structure Characterization Technology and Engineering Practice of Ultra-deep Fault-Controlled Carbonate Reservoir

在积极推进深地工程的背景下,超深断控缝洞型碳酸盐岩成为油气勘探开发的重点领域,而超深走滑断裂精准解译、缝洞体内部构型建模、断控油气藏储量雕刻评估、高效井位部署及提高采收率等是制约超深领域“增储上产”的重要科学问题与技术挑战。本文基于区域应力场研究、露头剖析、三维地震解译、物模数模,全面构建了涵盖动力学、运动学、几何学,分期、分级、分性质、分带、分层的“三学五分”断裂构造解析技术,据此阐明了走滑断裂纵向分层、横向差异分段特征,揭示了走滑断裂控储、控藏、控油气富集等地质规律,发现了超深断控缝洞型10亿吨级大油田。依据动/静态资料,精细刻画了断控缝洞体内部构型,通过“井震”结合实现了断控缝洞型油气藏量化表征,形成了相应的高效井位部署、油气储量雕刻评估等技术系列,支撑了富满油田10亿吨级油气储量的发现与落实。依据断控油气藏的定量刻画结果,针对性提出了提高采收率技术对策,推动了富满5×106t大油田的高效建设,形成了超深断控碳酸盐岩“增储上产”范例,可为我国类似油气藏的开发“上产”提供借鉴。

In the context of actively promoting deep geological engineering,ultra-deep fault-controlled fractured carbonate reservoirs have become a focal point in oil and gas exploration and development.Precise interpretation of ultra-deep strike-slip faults,internal configuration modeling of fractured reservoirs,assessment of reserves sculpted by fault control,efficient well deployment,and enhanced recovery have emerged as crucial scientific challenges and technological barriers in increasing reserves and production in the ultra-deep domain.This study comprehensively constructs fracture structural analysis techniques utilizing regional stress field research,outcrop analysis,three-dimensional seismic interpretation,and physical modeling;this is based on dynamics,kinematics,and geometry,as well as different stages,grades,properties,zones,and layers.It elucidates the vertical layering and lateral segmentation characteristics of strike-slip faults,revealing geological laws governing reservoir control,storage,and hydrocarbon accumulation,ultimately leading to the discovery of billion-ton-level mega oilfields in ultra-deep fault-controlled fractured reservoirs.Based on dynamic/static data,the internal configuration of fault-controlled fractured reservoirs is finely delineated,and a quantitative characterization of reservoirs is achieved through the integration of well‒seismic data,facilitating efficient well deployment and reservoir reserve assessment.This approach has supported the discovery and realization of billion-ton-level oil and gas reserves in the rich oilfields.Leveraging the quantitative characterization of fault-controlled reservoirs,targeted strategies to improve recovery rates are proposed,driving the efficient development of 5×106-ton mega oilfields,thereby establishing a paradigm for increasing reserves and production in ultra-deep fault-controlled carbonate reservoirs.This study could serve as a reference for similar oil and gas reservoir development in China.