黄芩素可缓解蛛网膜下腔出血后神经元的铁死亡

Baicalein mitigates ferroptosis of neurons after subarachnoid hemorrhage

背景:铁死亡是一种区别于凋亡、坏死等新型细胞程序性死亡的方式,主要由累积的脂质过氧化引起,已被证实参与蛛网膜下腔出血后的病理过程。黄芩素是一种铁螯合剂,能够抑制脂质过氧化反应,但其在蛛网膜下腔出血后早期脑损伤中缓解神经元铁死亡的作用仍未明确。目的:探讨黄芩素治疗蛛网膜下腔出血后对神经元铁死亡的影响及机制。方法:提取孕16-17 d C57BL/6L胎鼠大脑皮质神经元细胞,运用血红蛋白刺激原代神经元模拟体外蛛网膜下腔出血模型。采用CCK-8法检测5,15,25,50,100μmol/L黄芩素作用24 h后原代神经元细胞的活力,确定黄芩素的最适浓度。然后将原代神经元细胞分为对照组、血红蛋白组、血红蛋白+黄芩素组,利用试剂盒检测细胞内活性氧和丙二醛水平,RT-PCR检测铁死亡相关标记物PTGS2、SLC7A11、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4的mRNA表达;进一步将原代神经元细胞分为对照组、SLC7A11抑制剂Erastin组、血红蛋白组、血红蛋白+黄芩素组、血红蛋白+黄芩素+Erastin组,Western blot检测铁死亡相关标记物SLC7A11和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4的蛋白表达。结果与结论:(1)选取25μmol/L黄芩素作为后续实验浓度;(2)与血红蛋白组相比,血红蛋白+黄芩素组丙二醛和活性氧水平显著下降(P <0.05);(3)与血红蛋白组相比,血红蛋白+黄芩素组PTGS2的m RNA表达显著下降,SLC7A11和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4的m RNA表达显著升高(P <0.000 1);(4)SLC7A11抑制剂Erastin能在一定程度上逆转黄芩素改善的铁死亡作用(P <0.05);(5)结果表明,黄芩素可通过SLC7A11/GPX4通路缓解蛛网膜下腔出血后神经元细胞的铁死亡。

BACKGROUND:Ferroptosis is a mode of programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis,necrosis,and other novel cellular deaths,which occurs mainly due to accumulated lipid peroxidation.Ferroptosis has been shown to be involved in the pathological process following subarachnoid hemorrhage.Baicalein,serving as an adept sequestered of iron,evinces its prowess by quelling lipid peroxidative cascades.Nonetheless,the enigma lingers as to whether baicalein possesses the capacity to ameliorate neuronal ferroptosis,elicited in the wake of early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanism of baicalein on neuronal ferroptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage.METHODS:Primary neuronal cells were extracted from C57BL/6L fetal mice at 16-17 days of gestation.Hemoglobin was used to stimulate primary neuronal cells to simulate an in vitro subarachnoid hemorrhage model.The viability of primary neuronal cells treated with baicalein at concentrations of 5,15,25,50,and 100 μmol/L for 24 hours was detected by CCK-8 assay to determine the optimal concentration of baicalein.Primary neuronal cells were divided into control group,hemoglobin group,and hemoglobin+baicalein group.The levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde in cells were detected by kits.The mRNA expressions of ferroptosis-related markers PTGS2,SLC7A11,and glutathione peroxidase 4 were detected by RT-PCR.The primary neuronal cells were further divided into control group,SLC7A11 inhibitor Erastin group,hemoglobin group,hemoglobin+baicalein group,and hemoglobin+baicalein+Erastin group.The expression of the ferroptosis related markers SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4 was detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Baicalein(25 μmol/L) was selected as the following experimental concentration.(2) Compared with the hemoglobin group,the level of malondialdehyde and the level of reactive oxygen species were significantly decreased(P < 0.05) in the hemoglobin+baicalein group.(3) Compared with the hemoglobin group,the mRNA expression of PTGS2 significantly decreased,and the mRNA expression of SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4 significantly increased(P < 0.000 1) in the hemoglobin+baicalein group.(4) SLC7A11 inhibitor Erastin could reverse the baicalin-improved ferroptosis effect to a certain extent(P < 0.05).(5) The results showed that baicalein could alleviate the ferroptosis of neuronal cells after subarachnoid hemorrhage through the SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway.