纳米银在口腔内科领域中的应用(综述)

The application of silver nanoparticles in stomatology

纳米颗粒广泛应用于生物医学领域的诊断和治疗。在各种金属纳米材料中,纳米银颗粒(AgNPs)具有广谱抗菌和杀菌性能。由于AgNPs具有较大的表面体积比,它可以通过灭活酶和穿透细胞膜的方式杀死微生物,且不产生细菌耐药性。此外,AgNPs毒性低,对生物材料的力学性能没有明显的负面影响。因此,AgNPs已被运用到口腔内科领域,以提高生物材料的抗菌性。该文综述了AgNPs在口腔内科领域的应用,重点介绍了其在抗生物膜形成方面和其对人体细胞的生物相容性方面的研究进展。

Nanoparticles ranging from 1 to 100 nm are widely used for diagnosis and therapy in the biomedical field.Among various metal nanomaterials,silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)have broad-spectrum antibacterial and bactericidal properties.Due to AgNPs has a large surface to volume ratio,it could kill microorganisms by inactivating enzymes and penetrating cell membranes without developing bacterial resistance.In addition,AgNPs has low toxicity which has no negative effects on the mechanical properties of biomaterials.Therefore,AgNPs has been applied to the field of oral medicine to improve the antibacterial properties of biomaterials.This article reviews the application of AgNPs in stomatology,with emphasis on its anti-biofilm formation and its biocompatibility with human cells.