基于专利分析的氢能产业链划分及核心专利识别研究

Research on Hydrogen Energy Industry Chain Division and Core Patent Identification Based on Patent Analysis

[目的/意义]基于专利分析对氢能产业链进行划分并识别核心专利,为精准了解氢能产业链核心技术方向和专利布局提供情报支持和参考。[方法/过程]以专利分类号为技术信息载体,使用重心模型对氢能产业链技术进行划分;从技术价值、经济价值和法律价值三个方面构建核心专利识别指标体系;结合熵权法和灰色关联度分析法对专利进行打分,筛选和分析产业链各环节核心专利。[结果/结论]氢能产业链上游为氢能制取技术,中游为氢能储运技术和加氢基础设施技术,下游为燃料电池技术和氢化工原料技术。上游环节发展最早,核心专利数量少且整体质量较低,下游环节核心专利数最多且专利有效率最高。结合核心专利识别结果,针对氢能产业链各环节提出了发展建议。

[Purpose/significance]This paper classifies the hydrogen energy industry chain and identifies the core patents based on patent analysis,which provides intelligence support and reference for accurately knowing about the core technology directions and patent portfolio of the hydrogen energy industry chain.[Method/process]Taking the patent classification number as a carrier of technical information,this paper uses the center-of-gravity model to divide the technologies of the hydrogen energy industry chain.Then,the core patent identification index system is constructed from three aspects,namely,technical value,economic value,and legal value.And the entropy weight method and the gray correlation analysis are used jointly to score the patents so that the core patents in every sector can be sifted and analyzed.[Result/conclusion]The upstream of the hydrogen energy industry chain are hydrogen energy production technologies.The midstream are hydrogen energy storage and transportation technologies,hydrogenation infrastructure technologies.The downstream are fuel cell technologies and hydrogen chemical raw material technologies.The upstream sector has the earliest development,and the overall quality of the patents is relatively low,with a small number of core patents,while the downstream sector has the highest number of core patents and the highest rate of validity.Based on the results of core patent identification,the suggestions for industrial development are put forward for different sectors in the hydrogen energy industry chain.