社会工作师职业水平考试的内容效度研究

A Preliminary Test of the Content Validity of Social Worker’s Professional Level Examinat

从2008—2021年,社会工作师职业水平考试(简称社工师考试)已实施了14年,累计约20万人获得了相关证书。为了评估该权威性考试的内容效度,文章以布卢姆的教育目标分类学体系以及安德森对该体系的修订版本作为框架,采用量化的内容分析方法,对2008—2021年该考试三门科目(《社会工作综合能力(中级)》《社会工作实务(中级)》《社会工作法规与政策》)考题所考察的知识类型和认知过程进行量化研究。结果表明,社工师考试主要考察的是陈述性知识(社会工作理论知识)而非程序性知识(社会工作实务知识);社工师考试考察最多的是“记忆”这类层次较低的认知过程,而忽视了对更高级认知过程(如分析、评价、应用等)的考察。所以社工师考试实际所考察内容与其所欲考察内容之间的契合度(内容效度)有待提升。

Social Worker’s Professional Level Examination(SWPLE)has been administered for 14 years since 2008,with a cumulative total of approximately 200,000 people having earned the relevatn certificates.To examine the content validity of this authoritative test,this study draws on Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives and Anderson and colleagues’revisions as the frame.Adopting quantitative content analysis,this study analyzes the knowledge categories and cognition processes of the items of the three courses of SWPLE during 2008-2021,including the Intermediate Level Social Work Comprehensive Competence Test(ILSWCCT),the Intermediate Level Social Work Practice Competence Test(ILSWPCT),and the Social Work Law and Policy(SWLP).The results reveal that the SWPLE test mainly examines declarative knowledge(i.e.,theorical knowledge)rather than procedural knowledge(i.e.,practice knowledge);SWPLE mainly tests the cognitive processes at a lower level such as memorization,and ignores to examine more advanced cognitive processes(such as analysis,evaluation and application).These findings indicate that SWPLE does not examine what it claims to examine and is not a valid test.These findings have significant implications for the promotion of validity of SWPLE.