山地城市交通设施适老性评估体系研究

Analysis on Age-friendly Evaluation System of Traffic Facilities in Mountainous City

随着我国人口老龄化速度不断加快,各类老龄化问题日益凸显,城市交通设施的适老化建设程度远低于城市的发展扩张速度,尤其是在山地城市特殊的地理环境下,老年人出行面临更多的潜在困难.为明确老年人在山地城市中出行的痛点、难点,进一步量化评估城市交通基础设施的适老化程度,以重庆市中心城区老年人为研究对象展开问卷调查,以调查结果为基础,结合层次分析模型,对交通设施老年友好性进行计算,构建人行道、交叉口等交通设施适老性评估体系.结合重庆市龙山大道更新改造项目,应用评估工具对其进行改造前后的评估.结果表明:为山地城市交通基础设施适老性构建的含19项指标的定量评估工具可以对交通设施适老性进行有效评估.研究成果对于城市规划和决策部门更好地了解老年人的出行需求,指导交通设施的改善和适老化建设,提高老年人的出行便利性和安全性具有重要意义.

With the speeding up of the population aging speed in China,various aging problems are becoming increasingly prominent.However,the construction of urban age-friendly traffic facilities is much lower than the rate of urban development and expansion.In especial,the travel of the aged is faced with the more potential difficulties in the special geographical environment of mountainous city.In order to clarify the travel problems and difficulties of the aged in the mountainous area and further to quantitatively evaluate the age-friendly degree of urban traffic infrastructure,taking the aged in the urban central area of Chongqing as the research object,the questionnaire is carried out.And then on the basis of the survey results and combined with the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)model,the age-friendly traffic facilities are calculated to build the age-friendly evaluation system of traffic facilities such as pedestrian walkways and intersections.Finally,taking the renewal reconstruction project of Longshan Avenue in Chongqing as an example,the evaluation tool is used to evaluate the project before and after reconstruction.The result shows that the quantitative evaluation tool including 19 indexes built for the age-friendly traffic infrastructure in mountainous city can effectively evaluate the age-friendly traffic facilities.The research results have the significant implications for the urban planning and decision-making departments better to understand the travel needs of the aged,to guide the improvement of traffic facilities and the construction of the age-friendly facilities,and to improve the travel convenience and safety of the aged.