基于问题导向的梯度护理在酒精戒断综合征患者中的应用效果

Application effects of problem-oriented gradient nursing in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome

目的:观察基于问题导向的梯度护理在酒精戒断综合征患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年3月至2021年2月于该院就诊的75例酒精戒断综合征患者进行前瞻性研究,按照掷骰子法将其分为观察组(n=38)和对照组(n=37)。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用基于问题导向的梯度护理,比较两组护理前后饮酒渴求程度[宾夕法尼亚酒精渴求量表(PACS)]评分、负性情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]评分和自我控制能力[自我控制量表(SCS)]评分,以及震颤、谵妄、抽搐发生率。结果:护理后,观察组频率、强度、想酒的持续时间、对抗饮酒的能力、停酒后一周平均渴求程度等PACS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组,SCS评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组震颤、谵妄和抽搐发生率为34.58%(12/38),低于对照组的56.76%(21/37),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理基础上采用基于问题导向的梯度护理可提高酒精戒断综合征患者自我控制能力评分,降低饮酒渴求程度评分、负性情绪评分和震颤、谵妄、抽搐发生率,效果优于单纯常规护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of problem-based gradient nursing in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 75 patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome who were treated in the hospital from March 2019 to February 2021.According to the dice-throwing method,they were divided into observation group(n=38)and control group(n=37).The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given the problem-oriented gradient nursing on the basis of that of the control group.The scores of drinking craving degree[Pennsylvania alcohol craving scale(PACS)],negative emotions[self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)]and self-control ability[self-control scale(SCS)]before and after the nursing,and the incidence of tremor,delirium and convulsion were compared between the two groups.Results:After the nursing,the PACS scores such as frequency,intensity,duration of drinking,ability to resist drinking,and average craving degree 1 week after stopping drinking in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the nursing,the SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,the SCS score was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of tremor,delirium and convulsion in the observation group was 34.58%(12/38),which was lower than 56.76%(21/37)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:On the basis of the routine nursing,the problem-oriented gradient nursing can improve the self-control ability scores of the patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome,reduce the drinking craving scores and the negative emotion scores as well as the incidence of tremor,delirium and convulsion.Moreover,it is superior to single routine nursing.