早产儿视网膜病危险因素研究进展

Research Progress on Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity

早产儿视网膜病(retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)是早产儿的严重并发症之一,严重者可致视网膜脱离甚至失明。ROP病因复杂,多种因素参与及影响了ROP的发生与进展,对其相关危险因素进行研究,有助于ROP的预防及治疗,对提高我国人口质量有重要意义。目前大量研究显示胎龄小、出生体重低、氧疗、机械通气、贫血、输血、早产儿感染、妊娠期并发症等均是ROP发生的危险因素,本文对这些可能影响ROP发生的相关危险因素进行综述。以期达到对危险因素的早期综合干预,提高ROP的整体防治水平,减少ROP的远期并发症。

Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)is one of the serious complications of premature infants,which can lead to retinal detachment and even blindness in severe cases.The etiology of ROP is complex,and multiple factors are involved and affect its occurrence and progression,studying its related risk factors is helpful for the prevention and treatment of ROP,and is of great significance for improving the quality of China's population.At present,a large number of studies have shown that small gestational age,low birth weight,oxygen therapy,mechanical ventilation,anemia,blood transfusion,premature infection,pregnancy complications,etc.are all risk factors for the occurrence of ROP.This article reviewed these related risk factors that may affect the occurrence of ROP,in order to achieve early comprehensive intervention on risk factors,improve the overall prevention and treatment level of ROP,and reduce long-term complications of ROP.