《巴黎协定》下多边开发银行气候融资规则的改进

Improved Climate Finance Regulations for Multilateral Development Banks under the Paris Agreement

多边开发银行以与《巴黎协定》相对标为主要动力,在资金运作方面现已建立起一整套以共同原则为基础的气候融资规则,为全球气候融资体系注入了新活力。然而,气候融资规则的发展难以满足相关方的利益诉求,与发展中成员国间的长期战略合作较弱,面临激烈的同业竞争压力及私营部门融资信任赤字等问题,多边开发银行当下的气候融资规则体系仍面临资金配置失衡、规则孤岛现象明显、细节性内容缺失、透明度不足等多重困境。在未来发展中,多边开发银行应持续推进与《巴黎协定》目标保持一致,构建统一气候融资规则标准框架,设计可量化、可对比的资金监测机制,并完善气候融资风险管理。作为国际社会的负责任大国和全球气候融资的关键行为体,中国应选择合适的国际气候治理路径,以高标准系统化构建气候融资相关规则体系,建立统一的气候融资管理机制,加强气候融资多边合作机制建设,以积极影响国际气候融资规则的改进,增加气候治理话语权。

Under the impetus of the Paris Agreement,multilateral development banks(MDBs)have established a set of climate finance regulations grounded in common principles for their financial operations,injecting new vitality into the global climate financing.However,the development of climate finance regulations is difficult to meet the interests of relevant parties,the long-term strategic cooperation with developing member countries is weak,the pressure of fierce competition and the deficit of trust in private sector financing.As a result,the current climate finance regulations system of MDBs still faces multiple difficulties,such as unbalanced allocation of funds,obvious silos of rules,lack of detailed content,and insufficient transparency.In the future,MDBs should continue to align with the goals of the Paris Agreement,establish a unified framework of climate finance regulations and standards,design quantifiable and comparable financial monitoring mechanisms,and improve climate finance risk management.As a responsible major country in the international community and a key actor in global climate financing,China should choose an appropriate path of international climate governance,systematically build a system of climate finance regulations with high standards,establish a unified climate finance management mechanism,and strengthen multilateral cooperation mechanism building on climate finance,so as to positively influence the improvement of international climate finance regulations and increase the voice of climate governance.