绝经期压力性尿失禁合并膀胱过度活动综合征的危险因素研究

Risk Factors of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Menopausal Women Combined with Overactive Bladder Syndrome

目的探讨绝经期压力性尿失禁(SUI)合并膀胱过度活动综合征(OAB)的危险因素。方法选取2019年10月—2022年10月收治的136例女性绝经期SUI为研究对象,依据膀胱过度活动综合征评分(OABSS)分为OAB(尿急评分≥2分,且总分≥3分)组25例和无OAB组111例。比较2组相关临床资料、OABSS、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分。采用单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析影响绝经期SUI患者合并OAB的相关因素。结果OAB组OABSS、SAS和SDS评分均高于无OAB组(P<0.01)。OAB组与无OAB组在体质量指数(BMI)、妊娠次数、盆腔手术史、合并糖尿病、便秘史、焦虑和憋尿习惯方面比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,BMI>28 kg/m^(2)、妊娠次数≥2次、有盆腔手术史和有便秘史均为影响绝经期SUI合并OAB的独立危险因素(OR=2.208、2.307、2.651和2.686,P<0.05)。结论绝经期SUI患者合并OAB较为常见,临床需重点关注BMI>28 kg/m^(2)、妊娠次数≥2次、有盆腔手术史和有便秘史的患者。

Objective To explore the risk factors of overactive bladder(OAB)syndrome in menopausal patients combined with stress urinary incontinence(SUI).Methods A total of 136 menopausal women with SUI admitted from October 2019 to October 2022 were selected as the research subjects,and divided into the OAB group(urinary urgency score≥2 points and total score≥3 points)(n=25)and the non-OAB group(n=111)according to the overactive bladder syndrome score(OABSS).The relevant clinical data,OABSS,self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)scores of the two groups were compared.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the related factors affecting menopausal patients with SUI and OAB.Results The scores of OABSS,SAS and SDS in OAB group were higher than those in non-OAB group(P<0.01).There were significant differences between OAB group and non-OAB group with respect to body mass index(BMI),pregnancy frequency,history of pelvic surgery,diabetes mellitus,constipation history,anxiety and bladder control habits(P<0.05,P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI>28 kg/m^(2),number of pregnancies≥2,history of pelvic surgery and history of constipation were independent risk factors for menopausal with SUI and OAB(OR=2.208,2.307,2.651 and 2.686,P<0.05).Conclusion It is common for menopausal patients with SUI to have OAB,and clinical attention should be focused on patients with BMI>28 kg/m^(2),number of pregnancies≥2,history of pelvic surgery,and history of constipation.