基于BIM+GIS的铁路三维信息实景化技术研究

Research on Three-dimensional Information Realistic Rendering Technology of Railway Based on BIM+GIS

BIM+GIS技术可用于铁路环境的模拟分析,目前在BIM模型信息的语义场景转化方面的扩展尚显不足,造成部分BIM模型转化后信息冗余或缺失的现象。针对此问题,提出一种坐标转换方法,将铁路BIM模型相对坐标转化为GIS地理坐标,并设计了一种考虑铁路场景复杂度的三维模型与GIS地形匹配方法,以实现铁路BIM模型在不同三维场景下的精确匹配,基于构建的对象重要性评价模型,实现了符号化三维铁路场景多尺度表达,该方法有效解决模型漂浮或模型淹没等问题,满足大比例尺下探析三维场景要素和目视精确定位的场景需求,同时兼顾铁路BIM模型轻量化按需加载的应用要求。研究成果解决了铁路BIM模型与三维GIS地理场景精确匹配与表达的技术难题,具有较高的理论意义和工程实践价值。

BIM+GIS technology can be used to simulate and analyze the railway environment,but there is insufficient expansion of the semantic scene transformation of BIM model information,resulting in the redundancy or lack of information after BIM transformation.In view of this,a coordinate conversion method was proposed to convert the relative coordinates of the BIM model of railway into GIS geographic coordinates;a method for the matching between the 3D model and GIS terrain considering the complexity of the railway scene was designed to realize the accurate matching of the BIM model of railway in different 3D scenes;the multi-scale representation of symbolized 3D railway scenes was achieved based on the constructed object importance evaluation model.The above method,overcoming model floating or submerging,meets the scene requirements in exploring 3D scene elements and visual accurate positioning on a large scale,while ensuring lightweight on-demand loading of BIM models of railway.The research results solve the technical challenges to accurate matching between BIM model of railway and 3D GIS geographical scene and relevant representation,which is of much theoretical and practical value.