土鳖虫化学成分和药理作用的研究进展及其质量标志物(Q-Marker)的预测分析

Research progress on chemical components and pharmacological effects of Eupolyphaga and predictive analysis on quality marker

土鳖虫是我国传统中药,分布于河南、河北、江苏、湖南等地,具有破血逐瘀、续筋接骨的功效。土鳖虫中化学成分种类丰富,主要包括蛋白质及多肽类、氨基酸类、脂肪酸类、生物碱、无机元素、核苷类等。现代药理研究表明,土鳖虫具备抗凝血并防止血栓形成、调节血脂的作用,此外,还具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、增强免疫力、抗氧化等作用。近年来,土鳖虫等动物类中药在临床应用方面备受关注。本文对土鳖虫化学成分和药理作用的研究现状进行总结,在此基础上分析功效作用与化学成分之间的联系,发现蛋白质及多肽类成分与抗凝血、调血脂作用关联紧密,生物碱类成分与抗菌抗炎作用相关。并从传统功效、现代药理、化学成分可测性、中药配伍等角度预测分析其质量标志物(quality marker,Q-Marker),初步确定土鳖虫活性肽组分、纤溶活性蛋白、脂肪酸类成分、生物碱、核苷类成分等可作为其质量标志物。中药质量标志物的研究为鉴定土鳖虫的真假优劣提供依据,也为后续开发土鳖虫新剂型、制定质量标准提供理论基础。

Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),distributed in the provinces of Henan,Hebei,Jiangsu,Hunan and other places,and has the effect of breaking blood,stasis and bone.They are rich in chemical components,including proteins and polypeptides,amino acids,fatty acids,alkaloids,inorganic elements,nucleosides,etc.Modern pharmacological studies show that the Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker has the effect of anticoagulant blood,preventing thrombosis and regulating blood fat.In addition,it also has anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,enhancing immunity,anti-oxidation and other effects.In recent years,the application of TCM has attracted great attention in clinical practice.In this paper,we summarized the current status of chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker,and analyzed the connection between efficacy and chemical composition.It was found that protein and peptide components were closely related to anticoagulant and blood lipid effect,and alkaloid components were related to antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.The quality markers(quality marker,Q-Marker)were predicted and analyzed from the perspectives of traditional efficacy,modern pharmacology,chemical composition measurement and TCM compatibility,and the active peptide components,fibrinolytic active protein,fatty acid components,alkaloids and nucleosides of the Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker could be preliminarily determined as their quality markers.The study of TCM quality markers provides the basis for the identification of the authenticity,and also provides the theoretical basis for the subsequent development of new dosage forms and the formulation of quality standards.